Robot doctors are integrating into our lives

When you are sick, you don't have to endure the pain of injections and surgery. As long as you take a small pill, the micro- medical robot inside will swim around the body to eliminate the germs. Surgery, you don't have to cut meat easily, the medical robot will be for you. "Mini-invasive" treatment greatly reduces the pain of traditional surgery; sudden illness, not afraid of no famous doctors around, remote surgery robots will treat patients under the digital virtual command of doctors...

These dreams, which only existed in the sci-fi world, are now being pushed to reality by the ever-changing artificial intelligence technology: medical robots in the medical field are already transporting items, moving patients, clinical diagnosis and surgery, rehabilitation care and medical teaching. Show your talents and change people's lives.

Advantages: Increasingly intelligent and precise

In recent years, medical robots have developed into a cutting-edge academic direction in the field of advanced robotics, which greatly promotes the minimally invasive and intelligent development of medical treatment, especially surgery. Dr. Zhang Senden, Director of the Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Medical Robots, said: "Intelligent surgery and medical robots have a wide range of sensory systems, intelligence and analog devices, involving medical imaging, image analysis, robotics, motion analysis and virtual reality. The latest achievements of the disciplines can fully expand the limits of human capabilities, improve doctors' surgical and diagnostic skills, and assist doctors in surgical planning, simulation, and operation. For example, it can reduce the surgical error rate and improve the accuracy of minimally invasive surgery. Patient infection, reduce radiation damage, and enhance fatigue resistance. Medical robots not only improve the quality of surgery and diagnosis, but also reduce patient suffering, shorten the recovery cycle, and reduce medical costs, which will become an inevitable trend in the future medical field.

Doctors are subject to the physiological structure of the human body and have great limitations in terms of operational accuracy, stability, fatigue resistance and radiation resistance, and these are the advantages of robots. Compared with other robots, medical robots also have unique advantages: working in hospitals, streets, homes and other environments, determining the mobility and navigation, recognition and avoidance capabilities of medical robots, as well as intelligent human-computer interaction interfaces. And in the case of manual control, it has remote control capability; the material selection and structural design of the medical robot are premised on easy disinfection and sterilization, safe and reliable, and no radiation; the medical robot with human beings as the operation target must Adaptability to changes in conditions, flexibility of work and adaptability to human body and spirit; common docking interfaces between medical robots and medical robots and medical devices, such as human-computer interaction interfaces .

With the further development of technology, medical robots will be more intelligent and precise. Some scientists even boldly predicted that "by 2100, everyday life will be filled with various intelligent robots, and we will be in close contact with robots." This is exciting, but we must also be soberly aware that due to the high cost of manufacturing, the robot's intelligent road is still very long.

Application: The field of treatment is becoming more widespread

Since the advent of the first medical robot more than 20 years ago, medical robots have been seen in almost every field of medicine. Medical robots with different functions are changing the traditional medical model and rapidly improving the quality of life of patients.

According to Professor Chen Anmin, Dean of Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, medical robots can be divided into five types according to their functions: one is to assist the endoscope operation robot: the robot can operate according to the doctor's control instructions. The movement and positioning of the speculum. The second is to assist minimally invasive surgery robots: it generally has advanced imaging equipment, a console and multiple electronic manipulators. The surgeon just sits in front of the console, observes high-resolution 3D images, manipulates the handle of the instrument, and the robot The operation will be completed in real time. The third is the remote operation of the surgical robot: this robot can complete remote surgery because it is equipped with a special communication network transmission data transmission and reception system. The fourth is the virtual surgery robot: This robot performs three-dimensional analysis of the scanned image data and reconstructs it into a human body or human organ on the computer. The doctor can perform surgical training on the virtual image and develop a surgical plan. The fifth is micro-robot: mainly including smart pills, smart image capsules and nano-robots. The intelligent pill robot can release the drug and feed back the information according to the predetermined procedure; the intelligent image capsule can assist the endoscope or image inspection; the nano-micro robot being developed can also be drilled into the human body and even complete the target in the microscopic world that is invisible to the naked eye. To the treatment task.

Currently, the most widely used are surgical robots and smart imaging capsules. "Surgical robots have fine movements and low turnover rate, which can prevent doctors from directly contacting patients' blood, greatly reduce the risk of infection, and can greatly reduce the dual effects of radiation on patients and doctors," said Yang Guozhong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Smart Image Capsules also have a wide reputation. This patented technology, which was passed in the 1990s, has multiple advantages such as easy inspection, no trauma, no pain, and no impact on the normal work of patients. The patient only needs to take the intelligent capsule with built-in camera and signal transmission device to receive the digestive system examination, and even accept the fixed-point administration in the robot body, which can be used as the first choice for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases.

Market: development prospects are expected

Medical robots have significantly promoted the development of modern medical technology, and the market potential and development prospects are expected. Academic institutions and companies in the United States, Britain, Japan, France, Switzerland, Israel, South Korea, and Singapore have established research institutions related to medical robots, and have developed a variety of system prototypes, some of which have already formed commercial products.

The first commercial surgical robot was launched in the United States in 1994. At present, the US "Da Vinci Surgical System" consisting of three major parts of the doctor's console, manipulator and endoscopic device is the best-selling. As of the beginning of 2011, more than 1,700 units have been sold worldwide. Such surgical robots can not only complete general surgery, but also complete multi-disciplinary operations such as neurosurgery, cardiac repair, artificial joint replacement and plastic surgery. However, the price of equipment of tens of millions of yuan is still the bottleneck of the medical robot industry. one.

The research on surgery and medical robots in China started late and the development speed is very fast. According to Zhang Zhigen, “Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has independently developed a five-generation brain surgery robot system from 1997 to 2007. In 2002, it developed the first orthopaedic surgical robot system in China and obtained medical robots in 2011. Register a license." The product has successfully entered the market, and the manufacturer has become the fifth company in the world to obtain a medical robot registration license. Compared with similar foreign products, it has high cost performance and broad development prospects.

In 2003, Nankai University developed a micro-manipulator system for biomedical engineering, which can realize transgene injection, chromosome cleavage, cell fusion and separation in cloning research. In 2005, Tianjin University developed a microsurgical robot that can perform an anastomosis operation of a 1 mm arterial vessel under a microscope.

Harbin Institute of Technology, under the leadership of Professor Sun Lining and others, successfully developed nano-scale high-precision micro-driven robots that can perform "microsurgery" on cells and chromosomes. Nano-scale robots can walk in the microscopic world of human body, remove harmful substances from the human body at any time, repair damaged genes, activate cell energy, not only maintain human health, but also significantly prolong life. This is undoubtedly one of the most attractive market prospects in the field of medical robots.

After years of unremitting efforts, the medical robot, a beautiful idea that only existed in science fiction, has gradually come true in the hands of intelligent scientists and continues to enter our lives.

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