With the development of the freshwater pearl aquaculture industry, there is an increasing demand for seedlings. The large-scale seedling raising technology of Megalokia has been breakthrough, but the seedling production still uses the host fish to collect the larvae manually, and when it becomes metamorphosis, it will fall off from the host fish, and then it will be cultured in flowing water. Therefore, the survival rate of the host fish is directly related to the yield of the seedlings and the economic benefits of the enterprise. At present, stingrays are mainly used for the production of host fishes of spiny seedlings. In recent years, the author conducted a trial of the swiftlings of the swiftlings and summarized the methods for improving the survival rate of the yellow squid at the seedling stage, which are briefly described as follows:
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First, the choice and transport of stingray
The stingrays used to send seedlings should be selected as individuals with robust physique, active swimming, bright color, and no injury or disease.
The choice of mode of transport should be aimed at minimizing fish damage. If live fish transport is adopted (ie transport with water), due to the serrated hard thorns on the pectoral and dorsal fins of the stingray, the fishes can easily get stuck between them and it is easy to get watery mildew or other bacterial fish after entering the pool. Ill and died in large numbers. Considering that the stingrays belong to the carp species, the rich microvessels on the skin have the function of assisting respiration, so dry transport can be adopted to reduce the fish damage caused by transport. During operation, the stingrays caught from the fish ponds are first put into cages or tied in boxes for a period of 2 hours to 3 hours. The plastic fish baskets or foam boxes with holes are selected. The foam boxes are digged in four walls to ensure the inside of the boxes. Ventilate and spread the fully soaked straw evenly on the bottom of the basket or on the bottom of the tank (also wet soaked sponges). Then remove the stingrays from the cage or box and lay the stingrays on the straw. There must be gaps between the fish bodies and they cannot be squeezed. Finally, they are put on the top of the basket or the top of the box, covered with holes to facilitate the observation of the situation of the fish and transported after the boxing is completed. The general transportation time can reach 8 hours to 12 hours, and the transportation survival rate can reach more than 95%. During the transportation process, a small amount of water is sprayed every 2 hours to keep the fish skin moist.
II. Temporary rearing and strengthening cultivation of stingray
The minimum time required for full recovery and domestication of mature fish is 3 weeks after transporting stressed ponds. Therefore, in order to restore the constitution of stingrays, stingrays should be shipped to the production base at least 3 weeks in advance. Holding.
Stingrays are generally raised in ponds or cages. If ponds are raised, the ponds must be cleaned and disinfected before the stingrays are purchased. The pond bottom should be leveled, and the ponds should be repaired, digging well into the drainage ditch, installing fish stopping equipment, and adopting micro-flowing water and running water. Cultivating can enhance the physique of the host fish. The pond area should not be too large, and about 1 mu is better for timely fishing. The stocking density is about 1000 kg/mu. If cages are used for raising cages, cages are generally set in the rearing ponds, fish ponds or fingerling pools. The cage size is generally 4m×4m×2m. The mesh of the nets should not be too large, generally 1.5cm-2cm. Fish cages should be installed in the water 10 days to 15 days before entering the tank. After the algae are attached to the tank wall, the friction between the fish bodies can be prevented and the survival rate can be improved. The stocking density is 80 kg/box to 100 kg/box. In addition, fish cage fins are easily hung on the network cable during catfish cage raising in the event of inadvertent activities in the tank. Therefore, check the cage 2 times to 3 times a day and find that the fins should be released in time. Otherwise, a small amount of yellow will appear. Carp gradually died of hunger and other reasons. When intensively cultivating, the fed feed includes quail (cut), fresh eggs, fresh quail meat, pig intestine (cooked and crushed), shrimp, and small fish. Every year, there are a large number of pearl-planting operations in the breeding farms to separate mantles and axe, muscles, and viscera after removing shells. Stingray can greatly reduce the cost of seedling production. The clam meat must be chopped and cooked before it is fed. The scent is stronger and it can enhance the palatability and appetite of the stingray. The high temperature of cooked meat can kill pathogens such as bacteria and parasites, and reduce the incidence of S. sinensis. When feeding, we should strictly follow the "four set" requirements, to achieve uniform, full, good, and avoid too much time. According to the feeding habit of the stingray, it is fed twice a day, and the amount of feeding in the evening is 2/3 of the daily feeding amount, and the daily feeding amount is 1.5% to 2% of the total fish body weight, and the stingray is 30 minutes. After eating within the standard, let the yellow snapper eat 80% full. In actual operation, the daily feeding amount is appropriately adjusted according to changes in water temperature, climate, etc., and low or low pressure, hot weather, thunderstorm, or continuous rain will be required to feed less or not.
III. Prevention and Control of Saprolegnia
The breeding time of the spinnaker is from April to May every year. The water temperature is low and it is the season of the outbreak of freshwater fish sapromatosis. At the same time, the stingray has just passed through the winter, the physical strength has not been restored, and the resistance to disease has decreased. In addition to the damage caused by fishing and transportation, it is very easy to induce watery mildew. The measures for the prevention of water mildew are: during fishing, transportation, holding and seedling, prudent operation, to avoid fish injuries; stingrays must be disinfected before entering the pool, the salt concentration should be 3% to 5% Water soaked and disinfected for 5 minutes; after the stingrays enter the pool, not only timely feeding of high-protein, easily digestible feed to restore their physique, but also add Vc and other nutritive drugs in the feed to enhance the immune system of the fish . The method for treating hydromycosis is to first dip the diseased fish with salt water with a concentration of 5% for 5 minutes, and then dip the fish body with 100 kg of water and add 800,000 IU of penicillin to the solution for 10 minutes.
In short, the treatment of saprophytic diseases of yellow catfish should adopt the principle of “prevention without disease, early treatment with disease, and prevention with emphasis on treatmentâ€. Stingrays are fish without scales, and their tolerance to drugs is less than that of home fish. Stingrays are less tolerant to salinity and should be observed when using salt for disinfection. If the stingray is seriously ill, it should be discarded, and then purchase a new batch of fish to send seedlings.
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