In order to strengthen the guidance of spring beet production, the National Agricultural Technology Center and relevant experts studied and formulated the “Guidelines for the production of sugar beet springs†according to the characteristics of production in different production areas. The general requirements are: timely sowing and transplanting, strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases at the seedling stage, and ensure full seedlings. I. Northeast Sugar Beet Production Area (I) Paper tube seedling transplanting mode 1. Cultivate strong seedlings. The first is to raise seedlings in advance, generally sowing from late March to early April, to do a good job in the seedbed soil and fertilizer mix; second is to strengthen the seedling shed insulation cover after sowing, in order to benefit Qimiao, prevent freezing injury; the third is the real leaf after the timely spray Shi Zhuang Miao agent, reasonable control of temperature and moisture to prevent aerial shoots; Fourth, after root penetration to cut off roots, promote root development; Fifth, timely prevention of seedling blight. 2. Ensure that the base fertilizer is applied to site preparation. Do a good job of transplanting the plots of land in advance for ploughing and rational fertilization for early transplanting. 3. Transplanting time. Maturation age of 30-35 days should be transplanted, depending on the temperature conditions around the country, transplanting in early May is appropriate, no later than late May. 4. Ensure full seedlings. Before transplanting, do a good job in the grafting of the seedbed, marrying fertilizer, and marrying. Transplanting should ensure the density of seedlings. In case of drought, it should be transplanted with water to ensure the survival of transplanted seedlings. To control loosening and weeding of sugar beet after seedling emergence, timely control of seedling pests. (II) Mechanical live cultivation mode 1. Appropriate early sowing. Generally 5 cm soil temperature stable through 5 °C, the outside temperature stability through 10 °C, sowing, suitable sowing date is April 15-30. The planting should not be too deep, and plots with empty land after sowing should be repressed. If the field is found to lack seedlings, broken ridge phenomenon should be promptly primed replanting. 2. Reasonably dense planting. According to species characteristics, fertility and other factors, the rational close planting. Density-resistant varieties have an appropriate density of 5000 or more per acre, and a density of less than 4000-4500 per mu. 3. Strengthen management. After the seedlings are fully grown, seedlings and non-precision seeded plots are used. Seedlings grow as early as possible and the seedlings are usually sparse. Usually, 1 pair of true leaves, and time seedlings, and 2 pairs of true leaves are determined in time. Do a good job in the management of ripping and weeding in the fields, and timely prevention and control of insect pests. II. North China Sugar Beet Production Area (I) Paper tube seedling transplanting mode 1. Cultivate strong seedlings. Early seedling raising, nursery time is generally from the end of March to early April, to do a good job of seedbed soil selection, and mixed with fertilizer. After sowing, the temperature of the shed is increased in time to facilitate the emergence of Qimiao. After the emergence of seedlings to strengthen the temperature and humidity control, depending on the growth of the cotyledons and true leaves, ventilation cooling, humidity. When the size of the first pair of true-leaf millet grains was small, the seedlings were sprayed to control the seedlings and cultivated strong seedlings. True leaf 1-2 pairs of time, seedling sheds during the day temperature control at 15-20 °C, night at 0 °C above. During the whole nursery period, the seedling shed should be covered with cold-proof and anti-freeze coverings, and when the wind blows, the seedling shed windproof reinforcement work should be done. 2. Ensure that the base fertilizer is applied to site preparation. While doing a good job in the management of seedbeds, the land for transplanting plots should be ploughed early and properly fertilized so that early transplanting can be carried out. 3. Transplanting time. Maturity age of 30-35 days should be transplanted, depending on the temperature conditions around the country, in early May transplanting is appropriate, not later than late May in order to prevent significant reduction in production. 4. Ensure full seedlings. Before transplanting, do a good job in the grafting of the seedbed, marrying fertilizer, and marrying. Transplanting should ensure the density of seedlings, and immediately after transplanting, the seedlings should be well watered to ensure the survival of transplanted seedlings. The loosening and weeding management of the sugar beet after the rejuvenation. After being transplanted, the sugar beet field will be sprayed according to pest control measures at the seedling stage if insect pests occur. 5. Field management. Fill the top-dressing area in advance, and apply fertilizer or urea for beets without pressure to the base fertilizer, and then cultivating and weeding after watering. In the late middle and late period of beet breeding, attention should be paid to preventing locust damage and man-made damage to aboveground stems and leaves. (II) Film Coverage Live Mode Early time sowing, in mid-April, seize the opportunity to seize the film sowing. Sowing should not be deep and should be fully connected. Check the seedlings after sowing, such as high temperatures, 8-10 days after sowing can emerge. Note after broadcast: 1. Emerging beet, promptly remove the cover soil of the sowing hole, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. 2. Appropriately expand the sowing point after emergence, loosen the soil inside the hole, reduce the temperature, disperse moisture to prevent litter blight, and promote the rapid growth of seedlings. 3. Do a good job of sparse seedlings, seedlings, and loose soil, weeding. 4. If pests of sugar beet are found, spray according to insecticide measures at the seedling stage. 5. The combination of agronomic and water conservancy measures should be implemented to ensure drip irrigation of sugar beet. In the spring, the mulch should be compacted to prevent the wind from tearing. (three) mechanical live cultivation mode In the early spring, timely soil preparation, suppression of flood protection, and planting in early and mid-April, the planting depth should not be too deep, and land plots after sowing should be suppressed. If the field is found to lack seedlings, broken ridge phenomenon should be promptly primed replanting. After Miaoquan, depending on the seedling growth, early management of sparse seedlings, field loose soil weeding and other management work, if any insect pests occur in the field in time to spray pesticide pest control, in order to increase the preservation rate of sugar beet. III. Northwestern Beet Production Area This year, the northwestern sugar beet production area is warm winter, and the amount of snow coverage is slightly less. (I) Timely looting and sowing method of mechanical coating Before the broadcast, the site preparation is centered on the word “墒â€, and the machinery is not subject to subsidence. The site preparation will be done in a timely manner. It will be sufficient to hold the ground (hands hold into groups and throw away the earth to make it easy to disperse), ground net, ground level, and earth broken (upper and lower levels Really), squat deep 5-6 cm. Prepare 0.008mm thick plastic film 3-4kg per acre. Air-suction seeder can be used, and 50 cm, such as row spacing, film, drilling, sowing, earth covering, suppression of one-time operation. After completion, the mulch will be compacted at intervals of 3 meters to prevent the wind from tearing. Pay attention to the timely inspection of seedlings, prevention and control of insect pests, and increase the rate of seedling maintenance of beets (B) mechanical film under the film ditch irrigation dry sowing method Early sowing. The main issue is to sow all seedlings. The point is to choose plots that haven't been planted with sugar beet for more than four years. Cut the crops in early spring to make the land flat and finely smashed. The cultivating depth is 30 cm, and potassium fertilizer should be added appropriately. Use "dry sowing wet out" sowing, that is, water infiltration in the submental groove between two rows, requires high-density cultivation spacing 50 cm, multiple grain spacing 20-24 cm, single grain 16-18 cm, sowing depth of 2- 3 cm is appropriate, multi-seeds use mechanical semi-precision sowing, single-seed mechanical precision sowing, sowing immediately after sowing, to ensure a complete broadcast seedlings. Pay attention to the prevention of late spring, after the emergence of the case of continuous weather for more than 2 days below zero, take straw night (2 am) smoke protection method to protect the seedlings. (c) Mechanical Coating Drip Irrigation Method With the principle of water saving, a combination of agronomic and water conservancy measures can be used. Air-seeding seeders can be used for planting. High-density cultivation is conducted at a spacing of 50 cm. Drip irrigation, film coating, drilling, seeding, earth covering, and repression are completed in one operation. . Immediately after sowing, drip irrigation, dry sowing wet out of the first water is not easy to oversize, with a depth of 20 cm through the soil is appropriate. Spring winds should compact the mulch to prevent the wind from tearing. Note that the seedlings must also be drip-irrigated, and they must not be poured on water, so as to avoid causing the soil to be cold and poor in permeability to cause rot. (4) Timely Robbery Law of Live Machinery To plant seedlings in accordance with standard measures, it is advisable to sow 2-3 cm deep, and plots that are empty after sowing should be repressed. If the field is found to lack seedlings, broken ridge phenomenon should be promptly primed replanting. After Miaoquan, depending on the seedling growth, early management of sparse seedlings, field loose soil weeding and other management work, if any insect pests occur in the field in time to spray pesticide pest control, in order to increase the preservation rate of sugar beet. Some looting plots may cause drought this year. In case of windy weather in early spring, drip irrigation belts can be used with small four-wheel tractors and pressurized tanks in places where there is water supply to ensure full seedlings. IV. Prevention and control of pests and diseases of sugar beets (I) Controlling Sugar Beet Blight 1. The tube nursery should use fungicides to treat the seedbed soil and the cover seed soil. Mix 250 kg per mu (4 paper tubes) 250 kg seedbed soil with 50% thiram WP, or add 50% propofol. Sodium wettable powder 50-60 grams of mixing; 15 kilograms of cover soil plus 5 grams of 70%?famemycin wettable powder or 8 grams of 50% thiram mixed, can also add 4 grams of 70%?famemylin and 8 grams of 50% thiram mix. Appropriate ventilation and disease prevention after emergence, such as the occurrence of blight, every 4 beds can be used 70%?family 3-5 grams of water 5-7 kg of spray or 50% of the United States 8 grams of water 5-7 kg spray. 2. After emergence of live field, such as the emergence of severe blight, 70% per acre?f moldy spirit 5-10 grams or plus 50% omeprazole WP 8-16 grams, spray 35 kilograms of water. The drip-filled plots can be administered with water at regular doses of hymexazin or a broad-spectrum antiseptic. (b) Control of sugar beet weevil 1. Based on agricultural prevention and control, four years or more of crop rotation will be implemented to prevent continuous cropping and grazing, and choose at least 500 meters of planted plots from the previous year. Fore crops include hemp, beans, wheat, corn, potatoes and rapeseed. Waiting for the field. Proper sowing can reduce pest damage. 2. Before the transplanting of the tube nursery, spray treatment (send the herbs), with 40% acephate 50-80 ml or fipronil 5% suspension 20 ml or 25% Thiamethoxam 6 per 4 beds -12 grams, spray 4-8 kilograms of water, in severe areas can be used 4.5% beta cypermethrin 10-20 ml and 40% acetomethoxate 50 ml of water spray. 3. After transplanting or direct seeding, use 2.5% deltamethrin 25ml or fipronil 5% suspension 20ml or 40% acephate 80-100ml or 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 10-20ml per acre. Or 20% high chlorine horse 30-40 ml or 25% Thiamethoxam water dispersible granules 6-12 g diluted spray, when serious occurs 4.5% beta cypermethrin 20 ml mixed 40% acephate 80 ml diluted spray . (iii) Prevention and control of underground pests such as beetle larvae, floorworms and golden worms 1. Pest re-emergence land plots, combined with fertilization before live broadcast, with 13% phoxim granules 1.5-3 kg or 5% butyl thiocyanide granules 0.5-2 kg or 10% diazinon granules per acre 0.2-0.25 kg is mixed with fertilizer and applied. When the seedling stage is seriously hazardous, it can be treated with 50% phoxim or evening spraying. When the beetle is reapplied, 20% of Methodic Emulsion 50ml can be sprayed on the water and 30kg of water can be used per mu, and also 1000X liquid spray of phoxim, trichlorfon or high chlorine horse can be used. 2. Use bait method to control, every 20 square meters of paper tube nursery shed with acephate 50 ml plus 0.5 kg sauteed wheat bran or corn flour sprinkled on the surrounding soil. Daejeon used 50% of phoxim 50 ml plus sauteed wheat bran or 5 kg of cornmeal to spread it in the evening between the beets. V. Prevention and control of sugar beet seedlings (a) Closed soil before seeding after sowing 1. Use 60-80 ml of 96% Metoclopramide or 120-160 ml of Metolachlor for soil spray per acre to control annual grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds. 2. Use 50% Napropamide WP 100-150 ml soil spray to control annual grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds. 3. The locomotive operation spray volume is 12-13 liters per mu, and the speed is 6-8 kilometers per hour; the mannequin sprayer spray volume is 20 liters per mu and the wind speed is less than 4 meters per second. (B) Weeding After Seedlings 1. Sugar beet field Weed 3-4 leaf stage, available 16% sweet and tranquility per acre 330-400 ml (depending on the situation of weeds) or 21% bethanetofur dioxide 400-530 ml, plus 10.8% quizalopyrrol 50- 80 ml or 80-100 ml of 10% quizalofop was sprayed after dilution. 2. Control perennial grass weeds, per acre with 15% fluazifop EC 50-70 ml or 35% pirfenoxacin EC 50-100 ml (can be blended with Annivv yellow or sweet and sour) Either use 20% dilute acridine EC 100 ml or 24% clethodim EC 30-40 ml or 10.8% flupirtine phosphate 30-35 ml, and spray after dilution. To prevent and treat perennial grasses such as Phragmites australis, Imperata cylindrica, and Bermudagrass, it should be applied 2 times at intervals of 1 month. 3. Post-emergence herbicide locomotive operation The spray volume is less than 7 liters per mu, and the speed is 6-8 kilometers per hour; the volume of artificial backpack sprayer is 7-10 liters per mu and the wind speed is less than 4 meters per second. Melatonin Capsules,Melatonin Soft Capsule,Rhodiola Capsules,Folic Acid Powder Xi'an complex bio-tech CO.,LTD. , https://www.complexpowder.com