High-quality, high-quality rice floppy tray throwing glutinous super-high yield cultivation techniques

With the provincial government accelerating the implementation of the Xiangmei Project, many farmers' friends have high interest in purchasing, high-efficiency production, and willingness to plant, and there is also a fear that varieties will not be able to produce with high tolerance. The author summarized the Hanshou promotion in the past 20 years as the high-yield cultivation of high-quality high-quality rice mainly on the basis of Xiang-Hua-Jia 13 and relieved the worries of farmers' friends. Adopting good breeds according to local conditions, timely cultivation of floppy disks, timely throwing and throwing of basic seedlings, scientific fertilization and management, and comprehensive control of pests and diseases are capable of winning super-high yields.

I. 500 kg per mu grow

High-quality, high-quality double-season late rice floppy seedlings super-high-yielding cultivation of more than 500 kilograms per mu is generally per acre of effective panicles between 280,000 and 100,000, the total number of grains per panicle is above 115, the seed setting rate is 85%, and the grain weight is 25— 28 grams or more. When the seedlings are asked to throw green leaves with more than 3.3 pieces of green leaves, the plant height is less than 18 cm, the seedlings are coarse and flat, the leaves are dark green, and the leaves are thick and thin. T俑 菽 菽 菽 瓴 浚 浚 ㄓ ㄓ ㄓ 至 至 至 (15) 门塘Jun (6) Jun Shijun 11. The long-term 绾 绾 锛淙禾宓 锛淙禾宓 禾辶炕 禾辶炕 禾辶炕 旰 旰 旰 旰 旰 旰 ┮ ? ? ? ? ? ? P P P

Second, a reasonable match

High-quality and high-quality late-maturing rice, late-middle-maturity, late-maturing and middle-maturing early-maturing varieties, and early-maturing varieties capable of satisfying late-maturing varieties such as Xiangwanzao 13 and Xing 2 for high-yield cultivation of double-season late rice are generally precocious. Varieties, special early maturing varieties, and some early maturing varieties. The request will be able to harvest on July 10th and throw it on July 12th. For example, early-early-Feng-3, Xiangzaoxian 6th, 87th Early-820th, Zhejiang-Foshan 7th and part of Xiangzaoxian 24th and other early-maturing rice varieties were thrown. For mid-maturity and late-to-late high-quality rice, such as China Resources 2 and Taiyou 390, the mid-maturing varieties such as Xiangzaoxian 24, Zhongza 39, Zhongzao 25, and Zhongjiazai 17 can be selected for the high-yield cultivation of late-season late-season rice. of. For early-season rice cultivars such as Taoyouzhanzhan, Shengtaiyou 018, etc. At the same time, a single variety of high-quality high-quality rice must be planted regionally to facilitate unified management, unified control of pests and diseases, unified harvesting, and unified acquisition to reduce intermixing.

Third, nurture strong

(a) select Putian

Choose a flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, take the mud, convenient transportation of vegetable gardens and paddy fields to do paddy fields, using wet seedlings or semi-humid dry moist seedlings. Before the planting, the boring bed should be smashed and smashed. Apply enough organic fertilizer to fertilize the soil. And leveling, compaction of bed soil or bed mud, so that the plane or surface smooth.

(b) Ample inventory

At present, I should choose 353 # disk. According to the 28,000-per-mu field requirement, the new plate is generally used 100 plates per mu, and the old plate is increased by 10-15%.

(ii) Timely sowing

From 1997 to 2016, according to the experimental study, we found that the combination of the Xiangganzao 13 and Xing 2 for the double-season rice seedling cultivation and the meteorological conditions, the appropriate sowing date should be June 10-12. For medium-harvest and late-harvest types such as China Resources 2 and Taiyou 390, which are generally planted on June 15-18, early middle-maturing types such as Tao Youzhan and Shengtaiyou 018 are usually planted on June 20-22. For the seeding period of part of the early rice that is broadcast live, the sowing date of the early rice plucking and heading progress should be determined first and then the seeding period should be determined.

Plastic floppy disk seedlings should be strictly controlled sowing volume. The average amount of Daemu used for conventional rice is 3-3.5 kg. Must adhere to strong and uniform sowing. The first is to conduct strict seed drying, seed selection, soaking, and disinfection prior to sowing to produce a strong bud. The second is uniform broadcast. The higher the seeding density is, the easier the seedlings are to be bunched. Only the standard late rice seedlings (ie the grain germination to the roots and the buds, and the 1/3 grain length) can be sowed. The root shoots should not be too long when planting.

The sowing methods include nutrient soil sowing and nutrition slurry sowing. The use of nutrient soil in dry sowing must be prepared in advance for nutritious soil. In general, every mu of Daejeon seedlings needs to be used for cultivating soil (appropriately using more fertile garden soil) and about 140 kilograms of dry mud powder. Half of the hole is then sown and covered with soil; after sowing, the mud between the holes is scraped to avoid string rooting, and then the water is sprayed and penetrated into the trampoline.

The first two days of the use of the nutrient mud sowing are usually done by gently pressing the sampan plate into the sloping bed mud, and then the mud is wiped on the sampan plate and repeatedly scraped, solidified and filled. Spread the germinated seeds evenly onto the sash tray and gently press the slush buds with muddy water or wood to avoid scratching.

(d) Seedbed management

After sowing, it is necessary to do a good job of management of seedlings and nurture strong and strong people. In the case of semi-drought-type management, the drainage and irrigation ditch shall be dredged after sowing so as to keep the damper compartments moist. Irrigation method, advocating only irrigation of horse water, gingival sulcus does not leave water layer, avoid flood irrigation, disc surface water layer, to prevent the emergence of seedlings string root. When combined with irrigation, Mushi pre-dissolved 2.5 kg compound fertilizer. Drainage 2 days before throwing, so that the disc soil gradually dry, conducive to childbirth throwing plant. Pay attention to the control of sheath blight, rice gall midge pests and other diseases and pests, can be used in high-Qiao clever, imidacloprid and other appropriate amount of fine sand applied after sowing to control seedling pests.

(five) to control the strong

Double-season late rice seedlings are carried out in the high-temperature and high-humidity season. They grow fast and are easy to grow. Therefore, it is the key to control the high and stable growth. According to our experimental study, 100 ppm of uniconazole solution was used to uniformly cultivate the seedlings in one leaf and one heart of the seedlings. It is also possible to spray uniconazole-controlled high seedlings at the 4-5 leaf stage on the basis of the spraying of uniconazole at the time of one leaf, depending on the weather conditions and seedling growth.

Fourth, implement high-yield cultivation

(I) Finishing Datian

The high-quality, high-quality rice seedlings experienced pressure-controlled growth in the past few months in Putian, and their individual growth control was very severe. It was necessary to have a very loose and fertile growing environment to throw back into the field to recapture the pressure-controlled growth of paddy fields. . Daejeon is to be intensively cultivated to "shallow, flat, paste, and clean." "Shallow" means that the water in Putian should be shallow, which will help level the soil and prevent the loss of fertilizer and water. It is best to have extremely thin water, which is convenient for throwing seedlings. "Ping" means that the plots should be levelled to ensure uniform and consistent seedlings. "Paste" means that the soil is rotted, especially rice fields with rice straw that have been returned to the field must be rolled more than a few times to allow the straw to be buried in the mash, which will facilitate rooting into the soil and improve the root-to-soil contact force. "Net" means that there are no debris, weeds, and other floating objects on the field surface, so as to facilitate rooting.

(2) Number of throwing seedlings at the right time

It is necessary to grasp the right time to throw crickets in order to facilitate early life and rapid development. High-quality high-quality rice double-season rice seedlings are required to be thrown 13 to 15 days later, and the number of seedlings in the field can reach the predetermined effective panicle population. In this way, the number of seedlings to be thrown should be 2.8 to 30000 pods per mu, and the number of basic seedlings should be 100,000 to 120,000 seedlings. Choose a cloudy or sunny evening shot. Casting throws high throws, far throws, throws against the wind, so that the seedlings can be dispersed and evenly fall into the fields, roots into the soil, improve the standing seedling rate. At the same time, we must throw the seedlings first, throw 70% of the seedlings and throw them in the whole field, and then make up for them by 30%. Larger blocks of land are first divided into several blocks with nylon ropes. A 30-cm-wide work walkway is left every 2 to 3 meters for throwing and field management. After throwing, it is necessary to promptly replenish and replenish; For rice fields with early rice straw, it is necessary to adhere to the clear slurry for only 2 hours.

(c) Scientific fertilization

In the fertilization, it is necessary to fully balance the application, but also timely and appropriate amount of scientific application, in order to ensure the early birth of high quality double-season rice dumplings. The first is to determine the total amount of fertilizer, many years of experimental research to prove that the production of medium-level fertility level of more than 500 kg per mu should be maintained at the level of 10.5-12 kg, excessively high-yielding green late, too little it is difficult to ensure supply Insufficient population is difficult to produce, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers have to be used in conjunction with the application. The general basal fertilizer Mushi farmyard fertilizer 1000-1500 kg, or with 45% compound fertilizer 35 kg full-scale uniform application. 5-6 days after the dumping, 7.5 kg of urea and 7.5 kg of potassium chloride are used as the tiller, and 3.5 kg of compound fertilizer per acre or 2.5 kg of urea and potassium fertilizer is applied to the second stage of young panicle differentiation. After each mu with a grain full 1 package spray on the water, or application of quick-impact compound fertilizer 2 kg with strong seed fertilizer.

(four) fine tube

The early period refers to the period from throwing crickets to drying up the field, and requires the seedlings to grow quickly and steadily after being thrown. Late rice generally requires 15 days after transplanting, the number of seedlings per mu should be more than 220,000 seedlings. Requires throwing hoe for 1-2 days after the seedlings are thrown in, so as to urge the seedlings to stand under the roots, and then re-shallow water promotes delivery. Combining the first application of herbicides with top dressing, 20-30 grams of Oryzae or 50 grams of Sulfur, and another field of valerian and Qianjin are used to kill field weeds with cyanogen fluoride.

In the water on the pipe, the principle of “waterless throwing seedlings, seedlings with thin water, dipping with water in a timely manner, timely dewatering of exposed fields, heading with water, and dry and wet seeds” was carried out. When it is generally 80% of the planned number of seedlings (that is, 250,000 seedlings per acre), it is necessary to conduct dehydration and detoxification to suppress ineffective delivery. The general principle of the drying field is to lightly weight and weight, and to carry out different times. The number of seedlings with sufficient seedlings, dense leaves, prosperous growth, and high fertility should be exposed to the sun and re-sunshine; otherwise, it should be delayed and lightly sunned. Generally, the sun shines to the field, the foot does not fall, the leaf color fades, and the leaves stand upright. Jointing and booting stage is the critical period of physiological water requirement in rice. In addition, the leakage of paddy fields after rejuvenation in the field has increased, and the paddy fields need more irrigation. It is generally advisable to use thin water layers to irrigate and raise spikes, promote young ear differentiation, and inoculate large spikes.

Heading stage to achieve water heading, so that heading fast and orderly, after maintaining a shallow layer, is conducive to flowering pollination. When encountering “cold dew wind” during heading, Tanaka must recharge shallow water to keep warm. Dry and wet irrigation during the grouting period. Late water should not be cut off prematurely so as not to affect the seed-setting rate and grain weight. When it is too dry, it should be irrigated. It can be drained before harvesting to promote maturation and facilitate harvesting and drying.

(5) Integrated control of pests and diseases

High-quality high-quality rice has poor resistance to rice blast, plus the floppy disk throwing mid-late leaf dark green leaves, leaves more free nitrogen, it is also a large number of pests and diseases. Prevention and control of pest control in the early and mid-term and drug control work in the middle and late period, the pest control in the smallest loss. In addition to the physical control of pests and pests in late rice cultivation and management and frequency-induced lamp trapping and killing of pests, we must also effectively strengthen chemical prevention and control. All localities should use high-efficiency counterpart pesticides for prevention and control in time according to the pest monitoring and reporting of the local plant protection department. The prevention of seedling mites should be started from the soaking seed disinfection and the use of Zhuangyan during the seedling discarding period to prevent the occurrence of good seedling mites. The ear and neck mites are used at the break and heading stage with 40% Fuji No.1 Emulsifiable Oil 100 g or 20% tricyclazole 100 Grams, or pyraclofenac mixed water spray. And use benzoylzinc, Kang wide, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and other agents to control sheath blight, rice leaf roller, aphids and planthoppers and so on.

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