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Danpi cultivation technology
Paeonia is the dry root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. There are heat and cooling blood, blood circulation effect. China's cultivation is very wide, mainly producing Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi and other provinces. (-) Morphological characteristics Perennial deciduous shrubs, plant height 0.8-1.5 meters. Stems short and thick, dark gray skin. Leaves alternate, often two to three compound leaves, the end of the lobules of 3 near the middle crack, lobes are 3 or no cracking split; lateral leaflets 2, lobed or indehiscent. Flowers are solitary on shoots; sepals 5, green; petals 5, or double, white, rose or yellow, often deficient in apex of petals, stamens numerous; carpels 5. The fruit is oval. Flowering from April to May and fruiting from May to May. (b) Growth habits Peony is like a warm and moist environment with sunny, drought-tolerant, and high temperature. The soil with deep soil and well-drained sandy loam is suitable. Saline-alkali soil should not be planted. The seeds have dormancy characteristics. After the seeds are harvested, they are first treated with a higher temperature of 18-22°C, and then the dormancy can be broken by a lower temperature of 10-12°C. Seed life is 1 year. (III) Cultivation Techniques 1. The peony original line of the Heze area in Shandong Province and Luoyang Area in Henan Province is used for ornamental purposes. Many varieties of farmland are cultivated depending on the form, color, and flowering date of flowers. Anhui Phoenix Mountain peony, the color is not as good as Heze peony, but the Dan Pi is thick, and the yield is higher. It is an excellent medicinal variety. 2 Select land, site preparation for sunny, well-drained, deep soil, flat sandy soil, into the decomposition of manure, deep plowing, leveling tactics. Formerly made of legumes is better. It can also be planted on the roadside or in the courtyard. 3. The breeding method uses a lot of ramets and seeds to breed in large areas for medicinal cultivation. (1) Seed propagation Peony seeds begin to mature in late August and should be harvested in batches. After harvesting, they shall be allowed to grow in the house under cool conditions, promote postharvest, wait for the fruit pods to split, seeds to emerge, and then sowing, or in the wet Stored in sandy soil, dried seeds are not easy to germinate. Before sowing, it can be soaked in warm water at 50°C for 24-30 hours to make the seed coat become soft and degummed, absorb water, and promote germination. Anhui is planted from early August to late October, and from late August to early September in Shandong. In the north, the sowing date should not be too late, otherwise the roots will be short and short, and it will be vulnerable to freezing during the winter. Seed sowing method and sowing seedlings, the production of the majority of the use of drill method. Seedlings need 25-35 kg per acre. Sorghum is generally used, 1.2 meters wide, 10 cm spacing, open shallow ditch seeds every 5 cm 1 sowing people, covering earth 3-5 cm. To prevent drying, straw can be covered. After sowing for 2 years, transplanting was conducted from September to October. The spacing was 30 cm and the top soil budding was about 3 cm. (2) Breeding of the ramets When harvesting from late August to October, cut large and medium root herbs and cut the fine roots. Cut 2-4 strains from the easy ramets and transplant them from September to November. It is better to plant early. Before planting the land, deepen the land, apply the base, and plant spacing by 25 cm and 35 cm, three plants per hole, 45 degrees oblique planting, and 3-4 cm soil covering. 4. Field Management (1) During the period of cultivating and weeding, the cultivars are often cultivated and the annual root system is shallow. The cultivator should be shallow, and students in the second and third years can properly squat. (2) The water and fertilizer management field should avoid water accumulation. Before returning spring in spring and during summer drought, irrigation should be performed. In addition to applying basic fertilizer, spring and autumn should be topdressing, generally based on farmyard fertilizer and cake fertilizer. (3) After flowering, buds are picked in time to prevent loss of nutrients. 5. Pest control (1) Botrytis cinerea mainly damages the lower leaves of peony, and other parts can also be affected. The incidence is heavier when it is wet and rainy. Control methods: 1 Select disease-free seedlings to clean the fields; 2 Incipient disease, spray 50% thiol Bujin 500-1000 times or 50% carbendazim 800 times. (2) Leaf spot lesions are round on the leaf blade, 2-3 mm in diameter, yellowish brown in the middle, and purple-red on the edges. Control methods: gray mold. (3) Rust occurs from May to August and damages the leaves. Prevention methods: 1 well-drained plots, sorghum planting; 2 after the autumn withered field treatment of sick and sick plants, will be buried in the diseased plants to reduce the overwhelming pathogens; 3 early stage of the injection of 97% enemy rust sodium 200 times. (4) Baits and locusts can be used to kill bait. (4) Harvesting and processing, rooting and breeding for 3-4 years, and seed propagation for 5-6 years. Roots will be excavated in October. The rough and long roots will be cut, net soil will be removed, wooden hearts will be removed, and the thickness will be calculated. Graded, dried. There is also a processing method is to use a bamboo knife or bowl scraping off the skin, extract the xylem, dried, the product is called shave, generally about 200 kg per mu yield. China Agricultural Network Editor