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First, the shrimp pond requirements 1. It is best to be built above 1m above the high tide line; 2. Seawater salinity is generally not higher than 35 ‰, minimum is not less than 1 ‰, and the suitable range is 10 ‰ -30 ‰. The pH is 7.8-8.6; 3. Shrimp pool area of ​​5-10 acres, it is best to build a round or square pool to facilitate the rotation of the pool of water. Pool depth 2.5-3m, water depth 2m or more. 4. According to the total aquaculture water capacity of 1/3 equipped with a reservoir; 5. Inlet and drain channels are set independently, and inlet and outlet are as far away as possible. Load 1-2 mu per kilowatt load pond or impeller aerator.
Second, pre-release preparations Clear the entire pond. Sludge and debris in the bottom of the pool are all removed. Then plough the sun and rinse it repeatedly. 2. Disinfection and disinfection. Use quicklime, deep white powder, tea cake, tea saponin, etc. to sterilize shrimp ponds, reservoirs and all ditches to remove pathogens, viruses and other harmful organisms. 3. Water and basic bait. After clearing the pool, you can receive water and grow basic bait. After the fermentation of chicken manure in the new pond, the old pool was treated with chemical fertilizers to cultivate unicellular algae, beneficial bacteria, and microbenthos.
Third, the choice of shrimp seedlings To purchase shrimp seedlings to be selected in strict accordance with China's shrimp cultivation practices developed, without the virus of healthy shrimp. Visual observation: The group of shrimps developed well, the muscles were full and transparent, the pigments in the appendages were normal, the gastrointestinal tract was full of food, the swimming was active, the swimming ability was strong, and there were no external parasites and attached dirt. Individuals of shrimp: Individual shrimps with a body length of 1 cm or more and P15-20 (15-20 days of prawns).
Fourth, raise the pool to put seedlings require a depth of more than 10n, fertile water. The water temperature of shrimp in China is above 14°C, and prawn is above 22°C. The salinity is 32 ‰ or less. The pH is between 7.8-8.6. It is not appropriate to let the seedlings bloom in the strong winds and stormy days. The density of seedlings was released: A total length of 1 cm Chinese penaeid shrimps or P15-20 4-5 million larvae of post-larvae were placed per acre, or 3-55,000 body lengths of 3-55% of larvae were bred.
V. Breeding management
(1) Daily inspection The shrimp farmer should inspect the pond once a day in the early morning and late afternoon to observe the changes in the environment, the water color and the shrimp activities of the shrimp pond, and make a record. Notice that there is no dead shrimp.
(b) Water Environment Management 1. Maintain water level and change water. In the early and middle stages of cultivation, it is generally not necessary to change the water. Simply add 3-5cm of water to the pool daily until the water level reaches 2m. During the middle and late breeding period, the daily water exchange volume is controlled at 5-10cm, and zeolite powder is added at the same time, with a dosage of 20kg per mu. 2. Use an aerator. The oxygen generator's start-up time is based on the requirement of dissolved oxygen. Generally, it is required to keep the dissolved oxygen in the water at 5mg/L or more. 3. Adjust water quality. Water quality protection agents such as zeolite powder and calcium peroxide and microbial agents such as photosynthetic bacteria are used to adjust the water quality. Maintain the number of unicellular algae in the pool. The water color is green, green-yellow or brown-green formed by algae, diatom, and golden algae. The transparency is about 30cm. 4. Use disinfectants as appropriate. When shrimps grow to 5-6cm in length, especially in July and August when the water temperature is higher, bleaching powder is applied once every 7-10 days (0.5-1.0mg/L is used to inhibit bacteria, ciliates and other pathogenic microorganisms. 5. Measure taken in rainstorms, heavy rains are likely to cause stratification of sea and fresh water, large changes in the water environment, resulting in an increase in oxygen, ammonia, total alkalinity, etc., causing the onset of prawn and death. The following work: Before storms, prepare fresh water for surface drainage, apply zeolite powder and limestone powder, etc.; After heavy rain, start aerator to prevent water layer.
(C) feed feeding 1. Use good quality feed. During the entire culture period, in order to ensure the nutrient demand of shrimp, high-quality compound feed must be used, and at the same time, it should cultivate and make use of natural foods that are naturally propagated in the pond, such as unicellular algae, small benthic animals, algae and algal micelles. It is also possible to use live blue borers and salt pond live brine bugs without viruses. 2. Feeding method. The seedlings were fed four times on the first month and then increased to six times, from 6:00 to 22:00. The feed coefficient is generally controlled at 1.5.
Shrimp intensification and health development techniques
In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of shrimp diseases, the Fisheries Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Aquatic Technology Extension Station have promoted the healthy cultivation techniques of prawn intensive culture in the shrimp farming areas nationwide. The healthy cultivating techniques of prawn intensive culture mainly include the implementation of healthy aquaculture management; selection of healthy shrimps; limited water exchange; use of aerators, water protection agents, and beneficial bacteria; and cultivation and control of aquaculture algae in aquaculture ponds to improve and maintain Technical measures such as the relative stability of water environment elements and the introduction of isolated disease sources have created a good growing environment for cultured shrimps to increase the disease resistance of shrimps and achieve disease prevention. The following is a summary of its technical points: