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Premature and high-yield new technology of cherry
From the first 1-3 years after the planting of big cherry seedlings into the fruit, the main management purposes are: the cultivation is mainly of small crown type, and the distribution of the main branch and the middle and short branches is reasonable, and the spindle canopy is formed by pruning and shaping. The branches were evenly distributed between the plants and each plant itself. This will not waste space and there will be no closure, so as to achieve good ventilation and light transmission. The specific practices are as follows: 1. Planting methods adopt appropriate dense planting and free-spindle methods. The plant spacing is 2 meters, and the row spacing is 3.5 meters. 95 plants per acre can be planted. The advantages of this method are: compact crown, management, labor, rapid crown formation, early results, high yield, and full and reasonable use of land. Second, the free spindle-shaped pruning 1. High-set dry seedlings after planting to hit the top of the heart, choose full-buds to dry 80-100 cm or slightly higher. The high set of stems can leave a certain amount of main branches, and can make the crown shape compact, early formation, and early results. 2. Dry and dry the center of the stem and dry it and dry it from a position 60 centimeters above the ground (with a small hacksaw blade). The first bud is to the southeast, the second bud to the southwest, and the third bud to the northwest to spiral up. Select full shoots, and use a water hacksaw to gently cross over 0.5 cm above the selected bud to reach the xylem (do not overdeep). A length of one third of the dry perimeter is appropriate. After the sprouting, the "shooting king" should be immediately dropped on the bud. Note that 1 to 4 shoots under the cut-to-be dry cut cannot be carved. Later, when the branches grow to 70-90 centimeters, they should grasp the angle of 90-100 degrees. The distribution of the main branches must occupy space reasonably and cannot be overlapped or crossed. Otherwise, they should be removed. 3. The main branch of the year in which the management of the branch main branch is pulled apart, cannot be sculpted within 10 centimeters of the base, and can be sculpted outside. Buds on the back cannot be carved, only on both sides and back. One minute later, the buds are no longer carved outwards at 15 cm from the top of the branches. The sprouting time is carried out within one week before sprouting, and should not be too early or too late. On the back of the shoot, when 3-4 leaves are picked up; on both sides of the shoot, 5-6 leaves are picked up to prevent growth. 4. The degree of secondary dryness, sculpting, and management of secondary drying depends on the situation after the first drying. If there are more than 5 small main branches after the previous drying, the second dry height is 35-45 cm, ranging from 25-35 cm. Note that no matter which time it is set, the center stem and the small main branch must be carved buds. Its methods and requirements are the same as those for the first time. In the case of good water and fertilizer management and robust growth, it can generally be dried twice in the second year. The first time before and after the budding in the spring, the second time from the end of June to the beginning of July. After 3 years of this time, the tree height has reached 2.5 meters or more, and the small main branch has reached 15 or so. The free-spindle-shaped crown has been formed, laying a solid foundation for continued high-yield and stable production. Third, the management of the water and fertilizer of big cherry must be drenched after the first time in spring, and the season of dry season may depend on the soil. Stop watering after October to quickly cap the new shoots to prevent freezing damage. After planting, nitrogen fertilizer and fast-acting compound fertilizer are the main fertilizers in the early stage. With watering, 200-300 grams of topdressing urea per plant were sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and tianda 2116 fruit tree fertilizer 4-5 times. After September, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added to promote vigorous foliage and buds; after harvesting, sufficient organic bio-fertilizer was applied. The overall experience is as follows: Big cherry is strong in polarity and has no production. The re-pulling branches add sprouting, and the diligent cut-ups cut their hearts. Branchlets, high yield; bogey closed, hi light. Afraid to flow plastic, anti-inside; willing to invest, high returns. Sapling, compound fertilizer; result phase, biological fertilizer. Early cherry blossoms have anti-frosting techniques; before and after flowering, “Tianda†is the most important. Closely follow the post-harvest fertilization, keep the leaves and flowers to increase production; The various scientific measures, science and technology "110" to protect your high efficiency.