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High-temperature and rainy eggplant vegetables tend to premature aging
The main cultivars of solanaceous vegetables in Guangdong are: peppers, cucumbers, and tomatoes, which occur during the high temperature and rainy season in summer, and are prone to premature aging. The symptoms of premature aging are: atrophy of the plant, yellowing of the leaves, late fruit ripening, low yield, and severe death of the plants. Prevention methods are described as follows: First, timely pruning. The main role of the topping is to prevent the plants from being long, reduce the excessive consumption of nutrients, and promote the plant's multiple results. Practice has proved that reasonable pruning of pepper can significantly increase its yield. The method of operation is: After the first batch of peppers are harvested (at this time, the pepper pods are already in the shoot-breaking stage), the eight shoots growing on the four large branches growing near the base are cut off. At the same time, water and fertilizer management must be strengthened. This will not only reduce excessive consumption of nutrients, but also make the four branches near the base grow light and airy, reduce the phenomenon of falling fruit, and increase the yield of peppers. Cucumbers should be picked up in 25 leaves to promote the formation of melons, otherwise it is easy to cause obstruction of nutrient transportation. Tomato picking time should be after the fourth panicle flower set and leave two leaves on the ear fruit, so as to avoid premature root failure and leaf curling under the plant, should not be picked in the fourth inflorescence just to blossom. Second, remove old leaves. All kinds of fruits and vegetables should be promptly removed from the plant's lower leaves, dead leaves and diseased leaves to prevent field closure. This will not only reduce the nutrient consumption of the plant, but also effectively control the spread and spread of the disease. It is also conducive to ventilation and light in the field, and promote the robust growth of plants. Third, early harvest. Fruit vegetables encourage the early harvest of fruits, which can reduce nutrient consumption and prevent premature aging. Fourth, timely fertilizer. Timely topdressing can provide sufficient nutrients for plant growth and development, which is the key to prevent plant aging. The best time for topdressing is after the fruit is harvested. It can generally be combined with irrigation to chase the human fecal urine or nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer 1-2 times. Cucumber topped with 10 kg per acre of diammonium phosphate, eggplant topped with 10 kg of urea per acre, pepper chase fertilizer should be more appropriate, per acre can be applied about 12 kg of diammonium phosphate, but the need to dissolve fertilizer in water topdressing It is not appropriate to plan for topdressing so as not to damage the roots of the pepper. Fifth, irrigation cooling. In the hot summer season, irrigation can be performed according to the weather and soil moisture. Small water should be poured during irrigation to prevent scouring the base of the ridge and damaging the plant roots. At the same time, after the heavy rain, it is necessary to do a good job of drainage and flood control to ensure the normal growth and development of the seedlings. Six, disease prevention and pest control. Fruit and vegetable vegetables should pay attention to the early prevention and control of aphids in time, generally available 20% chlormethrin emulsion 800-1000 times sprayed leaves. Can be used to cucumber powdery mildew 50% thiophanate 800-1000 times or sprayed with 25% triadimefon 1200 times liquid spray, can be used for cucumber downy mildew 40% 300 aluminum aluminum phosphate 300-400 times or 25% rosacea 1000 times spray control. Controlling tomato gray mold can be sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600-800 times, or 50% thiophanate wettable powder 500 times. Prevention of eggplant blight, can be used at the beginning of its disease with 75% chlorothalonil 700 times or 50% Kedan 500 times spray, spray every 7-10 days, a total of 3-4 spray, spray time Evenly sprayed on the leaves and fruit, so as to effectively control the development of the disease.