The reduction of chemical fertilizers has a good effect on green yield increase. In 2017, China achieved the goal of zero growth in fertilizer use by 2020, and the utilization rate of fertilizers for rice, corn and wheat reached 37.8%. This is not only a staged victory in the zero-growth action of fertilizer use, but also an affirmation and encouragement of various scientific fertilization techniques. In recent years, the concept of green development of agriculture has gradually penetrated the hearts of the people. Many farmers have begun to actively choose the management methods of reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency. Guangxi Nanning, Hubei Yichang, and Fujian Pinghe have promoted the application of powder ridges in rice, vegetables and honey pomelo respectively. Technologies such as organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer and water and fertilizer integration can not only reduce the input cost of fertilizer, but also effectively increase crop yield and quality, which is very popular among farmers. Nanning rice + powder ridge technology can increase yield by 15% without fertilization at all “Replacing the external fertilizers and nutrient inputs with cultivated land nutrients†is part of the zero-growth action plan issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and is also the research and exploration of the Wei Benhui team of the Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Compared with the fertility of chemical fertilizers, Wei Benhui refers to the powder ridge technology as “physical fertilityâ€, that is, by maximizing the deepening and refinement of cultivation, maximizing the activation of soil and reducing fertilization, minimizing pollution and achieving green development. Datong Town, Long'an County, Nanning City, Guangxi Autonomous Region is one of the bases of Wei Benhui's team to implement the “Potato Powder Ridge†project. Recently, the results of the on-site inspection and acceptance of the expert group showed that the rice planted without fertilizer was not used after the ridge, and the average yield per mu was 364.5 kg, which was 48.8 kg more than the traditional rice planting without fertilizer. The yield increased by 15.5%. Bin Shiyou, the stationmaster of the Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Guangxi Autonomous Region, found that the soil after the ridge was relatively soft, the rice planted was taller than the ordinary rice, and the rice straw was relatively thick. Why does the powdery ridge rice field increase production without fertilization? Wei Benhui explains the mystery. Powder ridge technology is deep and deep pine soil, and does not disturb the soil structure. Among them, deep and deep ploughing soil can reach 30 cm, which can activate the deep soil resources that have not been fully utilized, and promote the efficient use of resources such as light, temperature and moisture. “Ultra-deep ploughing with a powder ridger, which deepens the soil of the tractor (depth of 15 cm) by 1 time without disturbing the soil layer, can maximize the utilization of soil nutrients, moisture and oxygen. At the same time, the soil is in the spiral drill blade. In the rapid cutting process, instant high temperature treatment is obtained, which activates the quick-acting nutrients of the soil.†Wei Benhui introduced that the quick-acting nutrient of the ridge soil increased by 10%~30% compared with the tractor cultivation. The author saw on the scene that the rice ridge rice without fertilization has many large grains, full and firm, no pests and diseases, and good growth. The rice ridge test rice field of Liu Youzhang, a farmer in Deng Village, does not need a little fertilizer. Even the farmyard manure is not used, and it can still increase production. He calculated the account for the author. Usually, 15 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium fertilizer and 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer should be applied per mu. This fertilizer cost of about 160 yuan can be saved, plus the income from increasing production. Increase the income by about 300 yuan. According to statistical analysis, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other units through the ridge planting rice, corn, wheat and other crops, each output of 100 kg of grain, can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer 0.35 ~ 4.29 kg, a reduction of 10.81% ~ 30.99%. Last year, “Powder Ridge Green Technology†was promoted by the former Ministry of Agriculture as an important development direction for agricultural green efficiency. In recent years, the expert team of the Agricultural Resources Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has planted wheat and corn in four consecutive powder ridges at the designated point in Hebei Chengcheng. The yield has increased by 17.2%~38.2%. The Gansu Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences is in Gansu. The potato field in Dingxi was tested on powder ridge technology, with an average yield increase of 26.55%. Up to now, the powder ridge technology has been demonstrated and applied in 34 crops in 24 provinces (cities, districts) across the country, with a demonstration area of ​​more than 1.5 million mu. After the test of different ecological regions, different soil types and different crops, the powder ridge technology has increased production, quality and efficiency, and the technology is simple and easy to display, showing the characteristics of wide adaptability. The integration of water and fertilizer in Guanxi honey pomelo + medicine pool enables intelligent irrigation and fertilization in small orchards The picture shows Kong Qingbo (first right) is explaining the integration technology of water and fertilizer in honey pomelo medicine pool. Zhang Qingwen / Figure Pomelo is a rising star in China's citrus family, with Chinese pomelo accounting for 85% of the world's total production. Among them, Guanxi honey pomelo produced in Pinghe County, Fujian Province is the crown of pomelo. It has maintained 6 national firsts in pomelo planting area, brand, output, output value, market share and export volume for many years. Pinghe County is well deserved. "World pomelo township, Chinese pomelo." In recent years, as the market price of honey pomelo continues to decline, the pomelo farmers have increased production but no increase in income. Li Yaxin, a large honey pomelo planter in Xilin Village of Xiaoxi Town, recalled that in the 1990s, every kilogram of grapefruit could sell for 4-6 yuan. Today, the popular red grapefruit sells for more than 4 yuan, and white grapefruit can only sell for more than 2 yuan. In the local area, due to the uneven distribution of seasonal precipitation and serious soil erosion, coupled with the farmers' large-scale fertilization, the original cultivation management method is not conducive to the nutrient utilization of honey pomelo. In response to the current situation of decentralization and individualization of honey pomelo cultivation, the Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences has introduced the integrated technology of water and fertilizer in the medicine pool of small household orchards. “The dispensing pool was originally a supply point for the liquid medicine in the orchard, which was used for centralized dispensing and dispensing. There will be several in each orchard.†According to Kong Qingbo, an associate researcher at the Soil and Fertilizer Institute of the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, how to achieve A pool of multi-use, making full use of existing resources to reduce costs, has become the heart of many small farmers. Kong Qingbo said that in combination with the existing facilities in the local orchard, they have obtained automated water and fertilizer integration equipment by adding some parts with limited input, which has reduced the artificial participation in the crop production process. “We installed solenoid valves and sensors in the dispensing pool, and used solar energy and lead-acid batteries to supply power. Based on the real-time information collected by various sensors, we used the single-chip microcomputer to intelligently fertilize the fruit trees.†Hu Wenhui is a fruit grower in Qianshan Village of Nansheng Town. His 15 acres of orchard are all planted on the mountainside. The green grapefruit trees are connected in rows, and they are full of vitality. He said: "Our family's orchard is the first to implement the integration of water and fertilizer in the medicine pool. It was also a new psychology. It has been using this equipment for 3 years now, and the output of the honey pomelo orchard has increased significantly, reaching the highest. 4,492 kilograms per mu, and the quality of honey pomelo is getting better and better, and the fruit rate has increased by 7.2%." Lao Hu introduced that this system can set the fertilization days, fertilization time, etc. through the operation panel, and can also manually control the irrigation. The farmer can know the battery power, soil moisture, water level and fat position status through the display. “Although the cost of equipment has been increased, it has saved a lot of fertilizer and labor costs. This is a very cost-effective investment.†After the professional agricultural technicians’ design, Laohu’s fruit trees are fertilized and fertilized. The water and fertilizer integrated equipment has completely changed the passive situation of relying on the heavens to eat. “Before the busy season, the employment of the orchard is a very troublesome thing. I am afraid that the fertilization will not be timely and it will be a mistake. Because my orchard itself has many dispensing pools, it is a good thing to install this advanced automation equipment. It is only owed to the east wind. It turns out that it took 4 people to work for 5 days. Now because of the integration of water and fertilizer in the medicine pool, it is enough to use only one person to manage." Huang Jiangsheng, a farmer in Huangzhuang Village, Xiazhai Town. “Our orchard is a typical sand-type soil with weak drought resistance and easy leakage and leakage. The system was originally installed to save water and fertilizer, but I did not expect that the soil fertility will increase, and the fruit tree will be enhanced. The fruit is also larger and larger than in the same period of the previous year.†Looking at the grapefruit covered with branches, Wen Zhizhen’s turtle farmer Wang Zhipeng was beaming his eyebrows. He happily told the author that the grapefruit production of their family is expected to reach 4000 this year. Kg/mu, which can increase production by 30% compared to last year. “Using the existing medicine pool to promote the integration of water and fertilizer is in line with the current development direction of new type of fertigation. This method can complement the original channels, so that the fruit farmers can enjoy the same water and fertilizer integration technology as the large-scale fruit farmers. The convenience is not only conducive to reducing the amount of fertilizer, but also can effectively improve the economic benefits of the orchard." Kong Qingbo said. Yichang vegetable + organic fertilizer plus fertilizer fertilizer reduced half of production by 20% Recently, the chief expert of vegetables in Yichang City, Hubei Province, and the Department of Territory Fertilizer, Plant Protection Experts and Farmers, in the Zitai Village, Hejiaping Town, Changyang County, conducted on-site acceptance of the alpine cabbage reduced fertilization demonstration field. The survey showed that compared with the customary fertilization, the field of applying “organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer†reduced the chemical fertilizer per acre (the pure amount, the same below) into 33.7 kg, the cabbage increased the yield by 18.45%, and the commercial vegetable increased by 21.25%. It greatly reduces the amount of soil fertilizer in the vegetable garden, reduces non-point source pollution, and protects the ecological environment. The author sees that in the demonstration field of "organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer", the color of cabbage is dark green, the shape of the dish is firm, and there is basically no blight and soft rot, which is gratifying. Although the demonstration grower Jiang Minghua has a young age, he has many years of experience in vegetable planting. Although the concept of high input and high output has long been ingrained, this acceptance test surprised him. “In the past year, the fertilization amount of one mu of land was 150-200 kg, and the effect was not obvious. The yield per acre of Chinese cabbage was between 6,000 and 7,000 kg. This year, the planting of 'organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer' provided by Yichang City Farming Station was used. Cabbage, the fertilizer input per mu is reduced by half, but the yield is not reduced. And because the cabbage has less disease and better quality, the purchaser has already made advance payment, and there is no need to worry about the sales problem as in previous years.†Jiang Minghua said . The Chinese cabbage grown with "organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer" not only has less disease, but also has a better taste. At noon that day, Jiang Minghua randomly selected two kinds of Chinese cabbages for cooking. Experts and members of the acceptance team tasted and found that the Chinese cabbage with reduced fertilization tastes sweet, and the Chinese cabbage that is used to fertilize has bitter taste. “The expert’s statement has strengthened my confidence in growing vegetables. The better-selling Chinese cabbage can be sold at a price of 0.04 yuan per kilogram. In the future, I will continue to purchase fertilizer according to this formula, and at the same time publicize and mobilize the surrounding villagers. Use this method to grow vegetables." Jiang Minghua said. According to the market price of Chinese cabbage, 1 yuan per kilogram, using "organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer" to grow cabbage, can reduce the input of fertilizer by half, while increasing the direct economic income per acre to nearly 1,300 yuan, demonstration of fertilizer reduction and efficiency The effect is very obvious. According to reports, this year in Zitai Village, the demonstration area of ​​alpine vegetable reduction and fertilization reached 10,000 mu, and the core demonstration area reached 100 mu. The fertilizers in the core demonstration area were all purchased and distributed by Yichang City Fertilizer Station, and the cabbage was formulated according to the formula. Reduce fertilization. According to estimates, the demonstration area can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer by 330 tons, save fertilizers by more than 3 million yuan, increase the income of farmers by 13 million yuan, and truly achieve a win-win situation for economic, social and ecological benefits, and promote the local alpine vegetable industry in the future. Green development laid the foundation and provided a model. “The demonstration field achieved the effect of 'two reductions and one increase', the fertilizer consumption was reduced by half, the production investment was saved by half, and the vegetable output increased by 20%. This is a real small investment and great benefit. The experimental demonstration fully proves that the organic fertilizer is used to replace the part. Fertilizer can improve the quality and efficiency of vegetables, and also improve farmers' understanding of scientific fertilizers," said Duan Heyun. (Farmers Daily) This article URL: What are the tricks of reducing fertilizer? Recommend several planting management methods for reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency Shanghai J.Shine Co.,Ltd , https://www.jshinechem.com