Summer planting sweet potato benefits
Summer sweet potato is commonly called wheat stubble in the Beijing suburbs. It mainly refers to the sweet potato planted with sweet stalks cut from sweet potatoes in early summer. Summer sweet potato has a short growth period, but its economic benefits are significant. According to the survey, the yield of summer potato in the suburbs of Beijing can reach 2,000 kilograms and the output value is more than 400-1,000 yuan. I. Sowing period and site preparation: Sweet potato is a thermophilic and heat-resistant crop. According to experience, most of the varieties in the suburbs of Beijing in the region of June 20 have been planted. The yield of summer potatoes planted after June 20 has been gradually reduced and the quality has declined. After the summer potato was planted and slowly rejuvenated, it gradually entered the rainy season. At this time, it was also the time when the sweet potato grew vigorously and the roots rapidly expanded. Before cutting, we must improve the quality of soil preparation, and the high ridges used to achieve good drainage and irrigation effects. And ridging to achieve deep loose standards. Second, fertilization and ridging: sweet potato on the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements of the demand for potassium, followed by nitrogen, phosphorus ranked third, the ratio of the three roughly 1:0.4-0.9: 1.5-2.5. Appropriately increase the proportion of the quick-acting fertilizer and the base fertilizer, the basic fertilizer accounts for about 60%-70% of the total amount, and the remaining part is applied once in the period of rejection. In recent years, it is believed that the 2000-kg summer sweet potato should be applied with 3,500 kilograms of fully-fertilized organic fertilizer at the end of each acre and 30 kg of N, P and K 10:10:10 all-element compound fertilizer should be applied. The base fertilizer is applied to the ridges during ridging. In order to increase the yield, the ridge length of summer potato was appropriately reduced to 70-75 cm compared with that of spring potato, and the ridge height was 20-25 cm. During ridging and fertilizing, poison valleys, baits or toxic soils for controlling underground pests are applied. 3. Picking seedlings and planting: When picking seedlings, care should be taken to select the plants with obvious characteristics of the varieties to ensure the purity of the varieties; multiple shearing shears should be used to avoid affecting the growth of the spring potatoes; the base or middle branches of the cutting shear should be divided by every four leaves. Segments, while the top branches must maintain 5-6 leaf segments or more, and the middle and top shoots are planted separately. When preparing to remain as a seed potato, the seedlings should be kept in order on the basis of strict purity. As food or merchandise for sale can be appropriately relaxed requirements. When planting seedlings, they are planted on top of ridges, and open 5-8 cm in diameter and 4-5 cm in depth. The seedlings are inserted obliquely into the hole, buried in the ground for 2-3 knots, and 1-2 knots are exposed on the ground. Can not go. After planting, water twice and then cover the soil. The density of short shoots per mu should be 4200-4500, and that of stems and leaves should be 4000-4300. Fourth, field management: sweet potato after the emergence of new stems to 15-20 cm when the growth of vines, in the ridge side of the corner after the opening of the top dressing plan with fertilizer after the rest of the available NPK fertilizer, the general amount of 20-30 kg in full Yuan compound fertilizer or sweet potato special fertilizer. The summer potato cultivated in open field is easy to breed weeds before unsealed ridges. After the summer potato vines are ridged and ridged, it is easy to produce adventitious roots at the nodes in the case of high soil moisture, which affects the transportation of nutrients to the roots of the roots. The pods should be lifted in time and the adventitious roots should be cut off. The roots should be treated once every 15-20 days. The method is to lift the stem and put it back. Under normal growth conditions, summer sweet potatoes generally have fewer pests and diseases, and sweet potato tussock moths, cotton bollworms, and leaf roller moths are prone to occur in the late stage. They should be treated with high-efficiency, low-toxicity, or biological agents in time according to field conditions. V. Harvesting and storage: The temperature in the autumn is about 15-20 degrees Celsius, and when the temperature of 5 centimeters drops to about 16 degrees Celsius, it will be harvested in time. In particular, as a land for seed potatoes, the harvest must be completed before the early frost to prevent the "frost topping" phenomenon and affect the storage effect.