Early sowing at the right time to cultivate strong seedlings “Early planting at the right time and cultivating strong seedlings is the key to achieving high yields.†Professor Zhou Kejin introduced in an interview with reporters. The suitable sowing period for raising seedlings and transplanting rapeseed by farmers along the Huaihe River can be selected in early September. The suitable sowing period for planting rapeseed can be selected in mid-September, and the suitable sowing period for raising seedlings and transplanting rapeseed by farmers along the river can be selected in late September. The ratio of seedbed to field is 1:6-8. Strengthen the regulation of seedbed fertilizer and water to cultivate large and strong seedlings. The suitable transplanting period is more suitable in mid-to-late October. The seedling age is 35-40 days. The early dry stubble will transplant about 6000 plants per mu, and the late rice stubble and cotton stubble will transplant about 8000 plants per mu. Farmers should pay attention that when the rape transplanting density is high, "one hole with two plants" can be adopted, and the row spacing should be adjusted appropriately. When transplanting, it is necessary to grade seedlings of different sizes and transplant in Chaoyang ditch, and the root and soil are in close contact to shorten the slow seedling period. If the rapeseed transplanting period encounters rainy weather, farmers should avoid raining and transplanting before or after the rain stops. When the suitable sowing period of direct seeding rapeseed is from late September to early October, the sowing amount per mu is controlled at 0.2-0.25 kg, and 20,000-30,000 seedlings are grown per mu. For plots with poor sowing and moisture content in mid-to-late October, farmers should increase the sowing amount appropriately. When conditions permit, farmers can adopt the form of mechanical live broadcast to achieve uniform seeding and consistent seeding depth. When the moisture content is poor, pay attention to post-sowing suppression. Artificially sowed rapeseed shall be ditched in time when the moisture content is suitable before or after sowing, and no later than the three-leaf stage of rapeseed at the latest. After the direct seeding of rapeseed is cut off the water, the ditch should be opened artificially in advance to prevent the rapeseed from being sowed due to water in the field, which will cause rotten seeds and affect the emergence of seedlings. Scientific fertilization and timely control Professor Zhou Kejin told reporters that farmers can generally apply 10-12 kg nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4 kg phosphate fertilizer, 4-6 kg potash fertilizer, and 0.5 kg borax per mu for the medium-yield rape fields in our province, including 50% nitrogen fertilizer and all phosphate fertilizers. , Potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer as base fertilizer (30-40 kg compound fertilizer and 0.5 kg borax per mu), 20%-30% nitrogen fertilizer as seedling fertilizer (10 kg urea per mu), and 20%-30% nitrogen fertilizer as bud and stalk fertilizer (10 kg of urea per mu). Seedling fertilizer is not required for plots that grow strong before winter. Long-term rape production practice has proved that spraying growth regulators is an effective measure for the steady growth of rape. Professor Zhou Kejin suggested that the Wangchang field can be sprayed with 25-30 grams of 15% paclobutrazol per mu per acre in the early stage of the budding, which can control the growth and promote the growth; spray Bihu, Penok, etc. before the winter The regulator can effectively improve the antifreeze and stress resistance of plants. Early application and reapplication of Lei Yi fertilizer should be promoted. Stubble to kill weeds and pests In terms of weed control, Professor Zhou Kejin told reporters that we should promote the use of stubble weed control technology before planting, and strive to reduce the number of weeds in the rape field to the lowest amount, so as to reduce the pressure of weed control in the growth stage of rape. One to three days before planting, farmers can use 150 ml of 41% Roundup water to spray 30 kg of water per mu with fine mist to ensure a safe interval, so that rape will not be harmed by pesticides after planting. In the field growth period, farmers can control gramineous weeds before the three-leaf stage of weeds before winter, and broadleaf weeds at the 6-8-leaf stage of rape. Rape growers mainly control virus diseases, downy mildew and root swelling during the seedling stage, and focus on the prevention and control of sclerotinia disease during the flowering stage. Use 50% carbendazim or prochloraz 100 g, or 70% thiophanate methyl for 60 g Spray 40 kg of water on the plants. For the prevention and control of aphids in the seedling stage, 10-15 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 600 times solution of aphid can be used; for the control of cabbage insects, 2000-3000 times solution of 20% pyrethrin or 1000 times solution of 90% trichlorfon crystals can be used. Professor Zhou Kejin reminded that when two-thirds of the whole rapeseed plant is yellow-green, and the siliques at the base of the main shaft are loquat-colored, that is, eight ripeness is a suitable period for segmented harvesting. It can be cut down by windrower or manually, after ripening 5-7 Use pick-up thresher for threshing. If there is no segmented harvest, the rape combine harvester is used for one-time harvest, which is 5-7 days later than the segmented harvest. Grain moisture is below 9%, and then bagged and stored. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of a third party are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
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Matters needing attention in autumn sowing rape
Rapeseed is the main oil crop planted by farmers in the Yangtze River valley in our province in autumn and winter. Due to the soaring price of rapeseed in the market this year, farmers' enthusiasm for sowing rape in autumn is also increasing. Around the National Day is the critical period for sowing rape in autumn. What issues should farmers pay attention to when raising and transplanting rape seedlings and field management? To this end, the reporter interviewed Professor Zhou Kejin from Anhui Agricultural University, the chief expert of the oil-saving cotton industry system.