Fujiminori grape pruning technology
Fujisaka is a European and American hybrid, and it is the third generation of Kyoho. Its ears are medium and large, cylindrical, large fruit, purple skin to purple, beautiful appearance. It is suitable for cultivation in the rainy areas of Jianghuai, and it is also suitable for cultivation in the northern regions. The summer pruning of Fujiminori grape plants takes place from the bud to the defoliation, mainly during the summer vigorous growth period. Due to the long growing period of Fujisawa grape new shoots in 1 year, many secondary shoots occur, and the growth is vigorous. The summer shear can timely adjust the relationship between growth and results, control the growth of new shoots during growth, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, and reduce Pests and diseases, promote the full development of the ear and fruit, promote flower bud differentiation, improve the quality of berry, increase production, create good conditions for the results of the year and the next year. Therefore, summer pruning technology is an important technology for the management of Fujiminori grapevines. 1 The buds and shoots are wiped off after spring, and the weak buds and useless buds or twin buds and triple buds are wiped off. In order to avoid the waste of nutrients, it is advisable to apply the germination time as early as possible. When the new shoot length is 10-15cm, it can be fixed. When the new shoot grows to more than 10cm, the excess shoots will be removed and the branches will be thinned. Buds and shoots need to be applied 2-3 times. The number and degree of shoots should be determined according to age, vigor, cultivation and management conditions, and the number of buds left during pruning in winter. The buds in the trunk or main vine within 40 cm from the ground should be wiped off at the earliest stage as early as possible. The buds on the remaining mother buds appear to have 2 sprouts or over close buds on the leaves 10 days later. In principle, to grow the branches to stay the results of the branch, to the weak branches to stay strong, to injury, disease branches to stay normal branches, to stay on the pull branches left branches. 2 Pinching and axillary processing Pinching is the removal of 3-5 new shoot tips. Its purpose is to inhibit dendrite growth, save nutrients, promote flower bud differentiation and dendrite maturation, and improve the yield and quality of Fujiminori grapes. Picking up before the flowering until the new shoots stop growing. Results The shoots were generally harvested 3-7 days before flowering or early flowering. It is advisable to leave 5-7 leaves at the top of the inflorescence to pick up the heart. For the leaves with less leaves and weaker tendencies, the stem may not be picked up temporarily. The vegetative shoots are suitable for leaving 10-15 leaves, which is generally later than the result of the branches; the extension branches can leave 12-20 leaves for topping and the picking time is later. Inflorescence above the strong growth of the auxiliary shoots, can leave 4-5 leaves topping, weaker sub shoots, can leave 1-2 leaves topping. After topping the shoots, the shoots will continue to be pumped again and again throughout the growing period. Repeated removal is usually performed once every 10 to 15 days. Each year, about 4 to 6 picks are made, and the shoots are stopped when the fruit is colored. 3 Inflorescences, axillary buds, and spikelets are used to organize the sparse inflorescences and axillary buds, which should be performed 2 weeks before flowering. Inflorescences usually leave 2 inflorescences and weak branches retain 1 inflorescence. The tip of the inflorescence is about 1/3 of the end of the inflorescence, and the spike is removed. When the result is weak or the fertilizer is not enough, it must be sparse and heavy. One week after the Xiehua fruit thinning, ear-shaped finishing, remove the small fruit, 25-30 fruit per ear. 4 To remove tendrils and bind new tendril tendrils both waste nutrients and should be wrapped around the ears and vines, affecting the normal growth and development of the ears and shoots should be promptly removed. When the new shoot is 20-40cm long, it is necessary to do a good job of attracting new shoots. The lead of the new shoot can be divided into horizontal lead, vertical lead, oblique lead, and bow lead. Horizontal tie and bow tie can inhibit the growth of new shoots, so that the base of the bud eye is full, more for the results of the branches and development of branches; vertical lead and oblique tie tie, mostly used to extend the branches and weak growth branches. The main vines of the fence-shaped fan-shaped pruning can be tied vertically or obliquely; the one-arm horizontal pruning can be tied horizontally. When tying up new shoots, be careful not to tie the vines too tightly. Make sure to leave a margin to facilitate bold growth. 5 When the leaves are in the late stage of ripening, some old leaves that have lost function are properly removed, which can improve the lighting and ventilation conditions of the plants, which will help the coloring of the ears and improve the fruit value, and cut the top of the long autumn shoots by 20-30 cm. The summer pruning measures of Fujiminori grapes must closely cooperate with the characteristics of the varieties and the cultivation and management techniques in order to receive good results. Simply emphasizing a certain technique will hardly receive the expected results.