Edible cultivation techniques

Edible citron is a perennial high-grade vegetable, which is a traditional high-class dish in China. The edible organ is the bud of germination of woody fragrant eucalyptus, which is a combination of new stems and leaves, commonly known as axillary bud and fragrant scorpion. Toona is rich in nutrients, contains more carotene and vitamins b, c, etc. It has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, strengthening stomach and qi, reducing inflammation and killing insects. In 2000, the city began to introduce trials of Taihe and Hongyou, which developed well and achieved high economic benefits. The cultivation techniques that have been explored for four years are summarized as follows:

First, nursery

1. The seedbed prepares the warm and humid environment, is afraid of cold, drought and phlegm. It requires sufficient light, the soil is deep, loose, fertile and rich in calcium. The groundwater level should be below 1.5~2.5m on the surface, the leeward sun, the soil loose. The area where the irrigation and drainage is good and the plant of the Solanaceae has not been planted is used as a seedbed. Each mu of seedbed is fertilized with 4000~5000kg of manure, 50~60kg of superphosphate, 40~50kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and ploughed into soil as base fertilizer to form a sputum with a width of 1~1.5m.

2, soak seeds before germination, soak the seeds with 25 ~ 30 ° C warm water for a day and night, then remove the rinse, drain the water, pack 3 ~ 4 layers of wet gauze, placed at 20 ~ 25 ° C temperature to germination. Rinse with warm water once a day, and turn the seeds to make the heat even. After 7 to 10 days, a small amount of seeds will be cracked to expose the radicle.

3, sowing mainly spring sowing, generally in the middle and late March to mid-April. The strip is planted, the row spacing of the seeding ditch is 20~30cm, the ditch depth is 3~4cm, and the fine soil is 1~1.5cm after sowing. Using seedlings for nutrition, two seeds were planted in each pot. The seeding rate per acre is 3~5kg.

4, seedling period management 5 to 7 days after the start of emergence, 10 to 15 days of Qi Miao, should be strictly prevented soil compaction. The seedlings and leaves that have just been unearthed are delicate and should be properly shaded. When the seedlings have 1 or 2 true leaves, combine the cultivating and weeding to carry out the first seedling, and the third seedlings in the case of 3 to 4 true leaves, and control the number of seedlings per acre to about 10,000. In the open field nursery in June, the nursery was transplanted to the open field seedbed in April. From July to August, the seedlings grow rapidly, which is the fast-growing period of convulsions. The fertilizer needs to be large. The nitrogen fertilizer is used as the top dressing. The urea is applied for 10-15 kg per mu or 1000 kg of manure and manure, and the application is 2 to 3 times. In combination with watering loose soil, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote seedling lignification. The seedlings used for cultivation in greenhouses are often single-shot seedlings. During the growth period, they are not topped, only the side branches are removed. In the later stage of growth, the lower old leaves are appropriately removed to promote trunk growth, but attention should be paid to suppressing the length and controlling the plant height.

Second, greenhouse cultivation seedlings

1. After transplanting the leaves of the early winter camphor tree, the seedlings basically complete the lignification process and enter the dormant period of 17 days. Before and after the winter, it is moved to the greenhouse after being dormant in mid-November. However, when the winter is cold, the seedlings should be raised in time. When the seedlings are raised, the roots should be kept as much as possible. The roots should be 20cm long, the trenches should be planted, the roots should be buried, and the seedlings should be covered with straw, sacks and other antifreezes to make the camphors at 1~5°C. Under sleep, after 10 to 15 days, move into the greenhouse. Evenly apply a proper amount of decomposed farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the greenhouse, and pour it into the soil to make a 1m wide raft with a groove width of 30cm on both sides. Each seed of camphor seedlings 5 ​​to 10 rows, row spacing 10 ~ 20cm, plant spacing 5 ~ 10cm seedlings, 10 ~ 15cm perennial seedlings, can be planted per mu of greenhouses 5 to 100,000 seedlings.

2, management

1 Temperature adjustment 3~5 days or half a month after planting the seedlings, the film should be sealed before the cold wave arrives, the temperature should be gradually increased after sealing, and keep 15~22°C during the day and 10°C at night. The temperature required for the germination of the bud bud and the bud bud is lower, and the temperature required for the long leaf stage of convulsion is higher. After 40 to 50 days, the bud begins to sprout. When the room temperature exceeds 28~30 °C, the decidua is ventilated for 2 to 3 hours at noon on sunny days.

7 Humidity adjustment After planting, the water is poured once, and the membrane is not sealed first, so that the seedlings continue to pass through dormancy and emit moisture, avoiding the soil from being too wet and causing rotten roots, and at the same time keeping the air, soil and seedlings moist. Every 10 to 15 days afterwards, the harvesting period is 3 to 5 days before each harvest, and the seedlings are sprayed with water at noon on the sunny day, sprayed to the surface of the leaves, and the humidity is too large to ventilate and dehumidify.

3 nutrient regulation during growth period does not require topdressing, after finishing the first musk scent, the second musk bud sprouting after the top dressing, spray 3 to 5 branches per acre of green Fengbao (10g / support), each add 15kg, can also 10 to 15 kg of urea or 15 kg of compound fertilizer are dissolved in water for watering. One time of topdressing is applied once per harvest.

4 light adjustment often removes dust and water on the plastic film, increasing the amount of light transmission, so that the color of the bud bud is bright reddish brown. When the light is too strong, cover the grass fan appropriately to reduce the light to avoid sunburn.

3, before and after the Spring Festival, the buds of the fragrant buds are about 20cm long. When the color turns reddish brown, the harvest begins. After 15 to 20 days, the second bud can be collected. Due to the inconsistent growth between individual plants, it can be harvested in 4 to 5 days.

When harvesting, use scissors to cut or fast-cut the bud head. Do not rub it with your hands to prevent damage to the buds and trees. At the first harvest, 1 to 2 leaves of the base of the taro were left, and 2 to 3 pieces were left for the second time. When the lateral buds are harvested, a part of the lateral buds must be left behind, so that they can form auxiliary branches after germination, in order to restore the tree potential. The greenhouse fragrant buds can be harvested from the Spring Festival in mid-to-late April, and can harvest more than 1000kg per acre.

4, restore the cultivation of camphor seedlings through the winter and spring harvest, the body's nutrients are basically exhausted, must be dug out of seedlings, planted to the open field, for recovery and cultivation. After harvesting, the film should be gradually removed, moderately ventilated and cooled, so that the weak seedlings slowly adapt to the outside climate. When the seedlings are raised, the newborn roots should be injured as little as possible, and the old roots should be removed, and the new roots should be sprouted. 6,000 to 8,000 strains per acre of open land should be transplanted. In the middle and late June, the sorghum is carried out, and the seedlings are kept for 15 to 25 cm in 2 to 3 years. At the same time, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. After germination, choose a strong branch for main culture and remove the remaining lateral buds. It is also possible to pick the heart when the branches of the summer grow to a certain height, and cultivate them into a multi-headed seedling with 2 to 3 short branches. After the summer and autumn two seasons of recovery, the seedlings will be moved into the greenhouse at the end of autumn and winter.

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