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Waste cotton cultivation straw mushroom technology
Waste cotton is the waste cotton fiber produced by cotton mills or cotton mills, also known as soil velvet, white velvet, etc. It is rich in nutrients. In recent years, it has been used as a planter for cultivars such as Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, straw mushroom, and Bailing mushroom. The use of more materials, and now to the high temperature season of planting straw mushroom, the author according to the experience of using waste cotton planting straw mushroom, special summary of the following points for the preparation of planting straw mushroom friends reference. According to the experience of using waste cotton to cultivate straw mushrooms in recent years, it has been found that waste cotton has a long fever time, good heat preservation and moisturizing properties, and is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose. In the current situation where wheat straw resources are lacking in some areas, cotton is selected for cultivation. The straw mushroom is ideal. First, the preparation of culture materials. Generally, a formula of 100 kilograms of waste cotton and 10 kilograms of lime is used. The preparation method is: digging a pond in the cultivation place according to the planting amount, and then laying a plastic cloth, and putting the waste cotton on the basis of a layer of waste cotton and a layer of lime according to the recipe. Into the pond, with a cement column and other heavy objects to pressure the culture material, into the water, soak for 24 to 48 hours, you can enter the greenhouse sowing. Second, finishing the greenhouse. 2 days ahead of time, the ground in the shed is loosened, and about 250-500 grams of lime is added per square meter. The ground is leveled and flooded with plenty of water. The sterilizing and disinfestation work is well done, and the material can be fed after seeping. Third, loading management. After the feed, prepare a material surface with a width of 0.6-1.0 meters and a thickness of about 10-15 centimeters. Then sow the seed and gently disperse the strains, for example, the size of the walnuts. Using the method of seeding and spreading, the spacing of the seedlings is 10 centimeters. The remaining broken bacteria, sprinkled on the surface of the material, lightly flattened with a wooden board, seeding can account for 70% of the species, sowing 30%, with 2 to 3 kg of bacteria per square meter, and then in the material cover About 1 cm of granular wet soil. Fourth, bacteria administration. After sowing, a small amount of ventilation in 2 to 3 days, and pay attention to control the temperature within the material. The temperature in the culture medium changes from low to high and high to low. After sowing, the temperature in the material gradually rises. Usually, the maximum temperature can be reached within 3 to 4 days. The maximum temperature in the material should be controlled below 40°C, and the temperature should be controlled below 30°C. Otherwise, the temperature is too high and the moisture in the material will evaporate. The straw mushroom mycelium is severely inhibited and causes death. If the temperature in the material is too high, analyze the cause in time and take measures to resolve it. If it is found that the moisture in the material is not enough and the culture material is too dry, it should be treated with water spray and the water temperature should be around 30°C. If the cultivating material is too thick, ventilation should be strengthened and holes should be drilled in the material to release the temperature in the material. Fifth, fruiting period management. Generally 5 to 6 days after sowing, the mushroom mycelium began to kinks. When there are a large number of small white spots on the soil layer, it is mainly moisturizing. The relative humidity of the air can be maintained at more than 90%, and the temperature is controlled as much as 28 to 30°C. If the temperature is high, thicker coverings may be adopted and ventilation may be enhanced. If the temperature is too low, the grass curtains should be pulled up during the day and covered with a small arch insulation on the surface. The straw mushroom is harvested from the start of sowing and it takes about 12 days at a normal temperature. Mushrooms grow fast, easy to open umbrellas, in order to harvest timely. Mushroom mushroom production period must be harvested 2 to 3 times a day, when harvesting, hold down the culture material in one hand, gently unscrew the fruit body in one hand, do not hurt the immature young buds, pick the next mushroom, be timely Use a sharp knife to remove rot and sediment from the roots of fruiting bodies and send them to the market in time. In addition to fresh mushrooms, straw mushrooms can also be processed into hay mushrooms, canned mushrooms and salted straw mushrooms. Usually after the first batch of (tide) mushrooms are harvested, the second batch of (tide) mushrooms will be produced in a week or so. If properly managed, mushrooms can be harvested for 2 to 3 tons, but the main output is concentrated in the first batch, generally the first. The yield of oyster mushrooms accounts for about 70% of the total output. The use of waste cotton to cultivate straw mushroom, properly managed, the bioconversion rate can reach more than 40%.