How to cover and keep warm Strawberries have gradually entered the dormant period since winter. Strawberry has a shallow root system and can only tolerate a low temperature of -8°C in winter and a temperature of -10°C for a short time. If the temperature drops again, freezing damage will occur. In severe cases, the plant will die, resulting in a decline in economic benefits. The winter cold protection measures for strawberries cultivated in the north are mainly covering and heat preservation. Overwintering mulch prevents cold and moisture, which is conducive to the growth of strawberries. However, if the mulching effect is not good, it will show late budding, weak growth, and significantly lower yield. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of a third party are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
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Covering time in the early winter of each year, when the strawberry undergoes several frost and low temperature exercises, before the temperature drops to -7°C, the soil is most suitable for cover when the soil "freezes day and night". It is generally controlled during November.
Coverage method 1. Coverage time. Pour antifreeze water once before covering the cold material, and be sure to fill it thoroughly. Irrigation time is carried out when the soil is about to enter the freezing period, and ground cover will be carried out one week after irrigation. 2. Covering material. It can be used for crop stalks, leaves, soft grass, decomposed horse manure, finely broken ring loam, etc. If you use soil to cover the cold, you should first cover a small amount of grass and then cover the soil to avoid damage to strawberry seedlings when the soil is removed in spring. The thickness of the covering is determined by the local weather conditions and the insulation performance of the covering material, and the thickness is generally 3 to 5 cm. 3. Covering method. The covering is carried out in two times. After pouring the frozen water, it is a little dry, and a part of the material is covered first. After a few days, the temperature does not rise again and then the whole is covered. 4. Set up wind barriers to prevent cold. In densely planted strawberry gardens with stable snow, wind barriers can be erected to prevent the cold without ground cover. Wind barriers are set every 10-15 meters, and materials such as sorghum stalks, corn stalks, and reed mats can be used. The barrier is 2 to 2.5 meters high. If conditions permit, use materials such as cold-proof cloth and color steel tiles to set up wind barriers around the garden, and the effect is also very good. 5. Remove the cover period. Generally, it will be carried out twice in the following spring after the beginning of thawing. For the first time, when the average temperature is higher than 0℃, remove the thawed cover. In the case of excessive rain and snow in winter, it must be removed in time to promote the thawing of the lower layer, which is conducive to sunlight and raises the ground temperature. The second time is when the strawberry is about to germinate. Do not remove the cold protection too late to avoid damage to the new stem. 6. Use mulching film to cover. After pouring the frozen water on the strawberry with mulch film, cover it according to the direction of the border when the surface is slightly dry and flattened. Tighten the mulch film when mulching, spread it flat so that the mulch film is close to the border surface, press tightly around the film, and cover the middle with a small mound to prevent the wind from blowing through the film, and then cover it. Or in areas with snow, it is better to cover strawberries with 10 cm thick wheat straw, thatch, straw and other materials and then cover with plastic film than to cover with mulch and then with mulch. How does Chai Quanxi manage that strawberries are nutritious and high-efficiency products in the winter greenhouse. In recent years, the strawberry planting area has expanded year by year, which has become an effective way for farmers to adjust their planting structure and increase income. The main technical points of winter management of strawberry steel frame greenhouse are introduced as follows.
Temperature and humidity management in the shed The humidity in the shed should be reduced as much as possible throughout the growth period, especially during the winter flowering period, the relative humidity should be reduced to 50%-60% during the day. 7-10 days after buckling the greenhouse, cover the border with black mulch film and cover the border ditch completely or partially, which can effectively reduce the humidity in the shed, and also has the effect of heat preservation and weeding.
Water and fertilizer management should be fertilized once every 20 days before the beginning of the year, and once a month after the year. Fertilization is often combined with irrigation. Irrigation generally uses drip irrigation under the film to reduce the humidity in the shed. It is also possible to perforate the mulching film every 20-25 cm along the middle part of the border, and then irrigate the mulch with water on the mulch Take advantage of the flow and seep into the border.
Diseases, pests and weeds mainly include powdery mildew and gray mold. Powdery mildew is sprayed with 20% triadimefon WP 1000 times. The gray mold disease is controlled after the shed, and the main fumigant is Yixunling or Yanxunling. Aphids are sprayed with 5% beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution for control.
How to cultivate high-yield strawberry cultivation in greenhouses is relatively easy, with high economic benefits, and rapid development throughout the country. Based on years of experience, the high-yield practical cultivation techniques are now briefly introduced as follows.
Establish a breeding nursery for planting mother plants, and use the open-field stolon seedlings cultivated last year to plant 700-800 plants per mu. In the treatment of fibrous roots, a mother plant can propagate 70 to 80 robust seedlings. The standard for strong seedlings is that the rhizome is more than 1 cm thick, the root length is 3-5 cm, there are 3-5 standard leaves, and the plant is strong.
Prepare the ground 25 days before planting and apply 5000 kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, 100-150 kg of biological potassium fertilizer, turn the ground 30 cm deep, ridge height 10-15 cm, ridge surface width 40-50 cm, ridge spacing 15-20 cm, north-south ridge, full sun, sterilization and insecticide for planting.
The greenhouse is generally east-west, with a length of 50-60 meters, a width of 7-8 meters, and a height of 2.5-3 meters. The time for buckling the shed is determined by the time when the fruit is picked. Usually Baojiao early blooms one month after the shed, the fruit begins to mature more than one month after flowering, and the harvest period is about one month. According to the requirement of cooling capacity, the temperature rise can be carried out in mid-October to mid-November.
Temperature Management During the bud to the first flowering period, the suitable temperature during the day is 20-30℃; during the harvest period, the temperature is above 8℃; during the day, the temperature in the shed should be replaced in time.
Flowering management The optimum temperature during the flowering period is 20-25℃ during the day and 5-6℃ at night, and the lowest temperature cannot be lower than 3℃; the optimum humidity in the shed during the flowering period is 50-60%. If it is too large, timely ventilation and moisture release; do not water during the flowering period Water, no water spray; no fertilization and no spraying during the flowering period to prevent damage to the flowers; pollination by bees during the flowering period.
In addition, reasonable fertilization and watering are required during the cultivation process to prevent and control diseases and insect pests to ensure the healthy growth of strawberries.
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