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HIV vaccine DermaVir shows hope in animal research
According to a study of primates, a therapeutic vaccine delivered through the skin may help restore HIV-specific immune responses in HIV-infected patients. The author, Julianna Lisziewicz of the Washington Genetics and Human Therapy Institute in the United States and colleagues reported in the January issue of J Invest Dermatol 2004 that this patch called DermaVir was not SIV-specific CD4 and CD8 cell responses were generated in rhesus monkeys infected with monkey immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Lyszkowski told Reuters that another study conducted by their team was published this month in the journal AIDS, which shows that the vaccine allows infected rhesus macaques to include immunocompetent rhesus monkeys. A reaction has occurred. She added that testing for the DermaVir patch for humans is ongoing in Europe and will soon begin in the United States. Leszvikos explained that the vaccine is made from a plasmid DNA that expresses each HIV protein (except integrase) plus glucose and that it is applied to the skin surface. The epidermis has Langerhans cells processed into antigens and migrated to lymph nodes. It treats the vaccine microparticles as HIV and eventually differentiates it into dendritic cells expressing HIV antigens. The vaccine is a "very new complex" that can replace the much more troublesome treatment of dendritic cells in vitro. The authors say that while antiviral drugs can control HIV infection, they cannot restore HIV-specific immune responses, but DermaVir has this ability. "We believe it will be a very useful new treatment that can be added to antiretroviral therapy." The patch will be posted for 3 hours. They speculate that it will not be used once or twice, but instead every few months or years.