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Broiler Breeding Management Points
Breeding and management of breeding chickens is a key link in chicken production. Good husbandry and management conditions can maintain good body condition and reproductive performance of breeder chickens, and encourage each breeder to obtain as many offspring as possible in order to receive better economic benefits. Breeding methods for breeding chickens include flatland rearing, ground-based net raising and cage raising. Following the author's practice of breeding farms for several years, he will discuss several points of raising the way of raising. First, the preparation of breeding broiler house using a cement floor, easy to disinfect and clean. Disinfected clean sand as litter. Nests are placed on the dark side of the wall, depending on the size of the flock, to ensure that every five or six chickens have one laying position. The breeder's weight is greater, and the height of the nest box should not be too high, so that the hens can lay eggs. Where there are many rivers in the south, rivers and sand are rich in resources and can be used as ground litter and bedding for nest boxes. Its softness, water absorption and air permeability are good, it is economical and hygienic, and easy to disinfect and clean. It is also a natural source of gravel indispensable for grated food in the muscles of the chicken. Second, the breeder goes into the house With the approaching of the opening period, the reserved breeder chickens at the age of 18 weeks for the last time to drive the chicken and various oil emulsion vaccine injections, at the age of 20 weeks can be moved into a sterilized breeder house. The hens were grouped again according to body weight and sexual maturity so that they could control the amount of material and make them grow evenly. Usually kept after the reserve period, the population uniformity is high, and most chickens are well-developed and meet the standard weight range. The breeding density is 5 to 6 per square meter. The type of rooster is related to the fertilization rate of the egg, and is kept separately from the hen during the brooding and breeding period, and appropriate feeding restriction is performed to maintain the good body condition and constitution of the rooster. After strictly selecting the cockerel that meets the breed's characteristics, the medium-to-large-sized male-female ratio is mixed into the hen population at a ratio of about 1:10. The breeding of chickens is a major stress, and drinking water can be added to multidimensional and electrolyte to prevent the occurrence of stress. Third, feed and light feed and lighting are important factors in controlling sexual maturity and laying. After the breeder has been housed and adapted for one week, the feed for the breeder's laying period can be changed. Appropriate feeding of lighter weight groups to promote growth and stock adequate nutrition. Normal weight groups were fed according to feeding standards. Through these measures, the laying time of chickens can be basically the same, and the egg production rate can reach 5%. According to the nutritional requirement of the rooster, specially formulated low-protein and low-calcium cockerel materials are used to keep the rooster robust and not overweight, so as to ensure better fertilization rate and hatching rate of the breeding eggs. After the start of production, the amount of feed should be controlled according to the egg production rate and chicken population status and gradually increase. When the egg production rate reaches about 40%, it is sufficient to invest in the peak period of the production of eggs, and the feeding amount remains unchanged. Two weeks later when tentative feeding and egg production rate no longer increase, consideration should be given to appropriately reducing the amount of material in order to prevent the birds from increasing body weight, accumulating fat in the body, causing over-fertilization, causing decreased egg production and affecting the fertilization rate of the eggs. . Feeding of feed is a meticulous task. We use a one-time feeding in the morning. After a day of egg production, mating activities and nighttime rest, most of the flock crowded around the door. This requires the keeper to move quickly and quickly to feed each barrel, or toss the ground farther away. Feed to keep the chickens evenly distributed. Ensure that each chicken can eat the right amount of feed to avoid squandering and cause death. In the reserve chicken stage, natural light is used, and near the opening period, the lighting time needs to be gradually extended, gradually increasing the stimulation of the chicken group to reach the peak of egg production in due course. On the basis of daily natural light, from 20 weeks of age, artificial light is added every week for an hour to an hour until the light reaches 16 or 17 hours. Artificial lighting uses low wattage bulbs, coupled with a lampshade, so that the light is evenly distributed in the chicken house, reaching no less than 3 watts per square meter. Set the timing light controller so that the light bulb starts to light up and turns off when the light is turned off to reduce stress. The application of artificial lighting overcomes the seasonality of sunshine and creates the longevity required for the physiological function of the bird's reproductive function, allowing its genetic potential to be expressed regularly and greatly increasing the egg production. Take this kind of chicken farm as an example. After artificial lighting is set, after a week of statistics, the egg production rate of chickens generally increases by about 3% to 5%, and individual chickens even increase by more than 10%. Since the cold-proof and heat-stroke prevention measures are open-type chicken houses, according to the regularity and characteristics of natural climate change, corresponding measures should be taken in response to changes in the environment as far as possible. Breeders are relatively cold-resistant, and their suitable temperature range is 5-27°C. Most of our province has a subtropical maritime climate. It has long winters and short summers, and winter temperatures are rarely below zero. It poses little threat to breeders, but it must also prevent the north wind from blowing directly into the hen house. It can be hung on both sides of the house. Plastic sheeting protects against wind and cold and lifts plastic sheets according to climate change. For breeders, the high temperature environment is very unfavorable. Because of the absence of sweat glands, the chicken body evaporates and evaporates almost completely by exhalation. In the hot summer months, the temperature often exceeds 30°C. In addition to the thermal insulation of the roof, the shaded greenery also plays a role. The following measures can be taken: chickens are used to spray cold water and the fans are turned on to circulate the air and take away heat to prevent heat stroke and death. And should maintain a continuous supply of cool drinking water, must not cut off water, while adding electrolytes or vitamins in drinking water, have a certain effect on heatstroke. In the southern region, the construction of poultry houses and ventilation conditions are important aspects that must be considered. The layout should focus on solving the wind direction, especially the dominant wind direction in summer and winter, which has important practical value for preventing cold and preventing heatstroke. IV. Epidemic Prevention and Control The cost of breeder chickens is relatively high. For this purpose, we formulate appropriate immunization procedures based on the actual conditions of the field and strictly enforce them, effectively controlling the development of major infectious diseases. Therefore, the breeders have fewer diseases after they start production. For individual colibacillosis or sporadic fowl cholera, medication may be administered and gradually cleared. Pay attention to the supply of clean water, regular chicken disinfection, and improve the surrounding environment. Newcastle disease is still an acute infectious disease that causes heavy losses. Regular screening of serum and monitoring of HI antibody levels in chickens is necessary. If antibody titers are found to be lower than the standard, they should be recharged in time to maintain effective immunity. . Strictly develop the guard system and personnel disinfection system to prevent the introduction of foreign infectious diseases. Fifth, other management measures often wash the sink to keep the water clean. Regular excrement removal, clean river sand, keep the air clean and sanitary. Regularly feeding crushed shells allows the flock to feed freely, supplementing some of the calcium needed for egg production. Diligent eggs, two quail eggs in the morning and afternoon, to reduce the breakage rate. The broiler breeder retains the characteristics of a brooding nest. The hard-working quail egg can prevent the increase of brood eggs and keep the eggs fresh, ensuring that the eggs have a normal fertilization rate and hatchability. Another advantage of diligent eggs is that the older the breeder is, the less they love to move around. Through quail eggs, the chickens can walk around, enhance their body and reduce fat deposition. Practice has proved that providing a good living environment for breeder chickens, after careful management, can obtain higher egg production rate and fertilization rate, provide more seedlings, and ultimately obtain corresponding economic benefits.